The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of 2 different doses of canagliflozin administered as monotherapy compared with placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) inadequately controlled with diet and exercise.
Canagliflozin is a drug that is being tested to see if it may be useful in treating patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This is a randomized (study drug assigned by chance), double blind (neither the patient or the study doctor will know the name of the assigned treatment), parallel-group, 3 arm (patients will be assigned to 1 of 3 treatment groups) multicenter study to determine the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of canagliflozin (100 mg and 300 mg) compared to placebo (a capsule that looks like all the other treatments but has no real medicine) in patients diagnosed with T2DM who are not achieving an adequate response from diet and exercise to control their diabetes. Approximately 450 patients with inadequate glycemic control with diet and exercise will receive once-daily treatment with canagliflozin 100 mg or 300 mg once daily for 52 weeks or 26 weeks of double-blind treatment with placebo followed by 26 weeks of sitagliptin 100 mg (sitagliptin is an antihyperglycemic agent that will allow patients randomized to the placebo group to improve glycemic control and remain in the study). Patients will participate in the study for approximately 60 to 68 weeks (referred to as the Main Study). The study will also include a High Glycemic Substudy in 50 to 100 patients with T2DM who have poorer glycemic control with diet and exercise. Patients in the substudy will be assigned to receive double-blind canagliflozin 100 mg or 300 mg for 26 weeks and the total duration of patient participatation in the substudy will be approximately 34 to 42 weeks. During treatment, if a patient's fasting blood sugar remains high despite treatment with study drug and reinforcement with diet and exercise, the patient will receive treatment with metformin (rescue therapy) consistent with local prescribing information. Study drug will be taken orally (by mouth) once daily before the first meal each day unless otherwise specified. Patients will take single blind placebo for 1 or 2 weeks (wks) before randomization to the Main Study or the High Glycemic Substudy.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
TRIPLE
Enrollment
678
One 100 mg or 300 mg over-encapsulated tablet orally (by mouth) once daily for 52 weeks (Main Study) or 26 weeks (High Glycemic Substudy)
One matching placebo capsule orally once daily for 26 weeks (Main Study)
One 100 mg over-encapsulated tablet orally once daily beginning at Week 26 until Week 52 (Main Study)
Change in HbA1c From Baseline to Week 26 (Main Study)
The table below shows the least-squares (LS) mean change in HbA1c from Baseline to Week 26 for each treatment group. The statistical analyses show the treatment differences (ie, each canagliflozin group minus placebo) in the LS mean change.
Time frame: Day 1 (Baseline) and Week 26
Change in HbA1c From Baseline to Week 26 (High Glycemic Substudy)
The table below shows the least-squares (LS) mean change in HbA1c from Baseline to Week 26 for each treatment group in patients randomized to the High Glycemic Substudy.
Time frame: Day 1 (Baseline) and Week 26
Percentage of Patients With HbA1c <7% at Week 26 (Main Study)
The table below shows the percentage of patients with HbA1c \<7% at Week 26. The statistical analyses show the treatment differences (ie, each canagliflozin group minus placebo) in the percentage.
Time frame: Week 26
Change in Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) From Baseline to Week 26 (Main Study)
The table below shows the least-squares (LS) mean change in FPG from Baseline to Week 26 for each treatment group. The statistical analyses show the treatment differences (ie, each canagliflozin group minus placebo) in the LS mean change.
Time frame: Day 1 (Baseline) and Week 26
Change in 2-hour Post-prandial Glucose From Baseline to Week 26 (Main Study)
The table below shows the least-squares (LS) mean change in 2-hour post-prandial glucose from Baseline to Week 26 for each treatment group. The statistical analyses show the treatment differences (ie, each canagliflozin group minus placebo) in the LS mean change.
Time frame: Day 1 (Baseline) and Week 26
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...and 68 more locations
Percent Change in Body Weight From Baseline to Week 26 (Main Study)
The table below shows the least-squares (LS) mean percent change in body weight from Baseline to Week 26 for each treatment group. The statistical analyses show the treatment differences (ie, each canagliflozin group minus placebo) in the LS mean percent change.
Time frame: Day 1 (Baseline) and Week 26
Change in Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) From Baseline to Week 26 (Main Study)
The table below shows the least-squares (LS) mean change in SBP from Baseline to Week 26 for each treatment group. The statistical analyses show the treatment differences (ie, each canagliflozin group minus placebo) in the LS mean change.
Time frame: Day 1 (Baseline) and Week 26
Percent Change in Triglycerides From Baseline to Week 26 (Main Study)
The table below shows the least-squares (LS) mean percent change in triglycerides from Baseline to Week 26 for each treatment group. The statistical analyses show the treatment differences (ie, each canagliflozin group minus placebo) in the LS mean percent change.
Time frame: Day 1 (Baseline) and Week 26
Percent Change in High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) From Baseline to Week 26 (Main Study)
The table below shows the least-squares (LS) mean percent change in HDL-C from Baseline to Week 26 for each treatment group. The statistical analyses show the treatment differences (ie, each canagliflozin group minus placebo) in the LS mean percent change.
Time frame: Day 1 (Baseline) and Week 26
Percentage of Patients With HbA1c <7% at Week 26 (High Glycemic Substudy)
The table below shows the percentage of patients with HbA1c \<7% at Week 26 for each treatment group in patients randomized to the High Glycemic Substudy.
Time frame: Week 26
Change in Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) From Baseline to Week 26 (High Glycemic Substudy)
The table below shows the least-squares (LS) mean change in FPG from Baseline to Week 26 for each treatment group in patients randomized to the High Glycemic Substudy.
Time frame: Day 1 (Baseline) and Week 26
Change in 2-hour Post-prandial Glucose From Baseline to Week 26 (High Glycemic Substudy)
The table below shows the least-squares (LS) mean change in 2-hour post-prandial glucose from Baseline to Week 26 for each treatment group in patients randomized to the High Glycemic Substudy.
Time frame: Day 1 (Baseline) and Week 26
Percent Change in Body Weight From Baseline to Week 26 (High Glycemic Substudy)
The table below shows the least-squares (LS) mean percent change in body weight from Baseline to Week 26 for each treatment group in patients randomized to the High Glycemic Substudy.
Time frame: Day 1 (Baseline) and Week 26
Change in Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) From Baseline to Week 26 (High Glycemic Substudy)
The table below shows the least-squares (LS) mean change in SBP from Baseline to Week 26 for each treatment group in patients randomized to the High Glycemic Substudy.
Time frame: Day 1 (Baseline) and Week 26
Percent Change in Triglycerides From Baseline to Week 26 (High Glycemic Substudy)
The table below shows the least-squares mean percent change in triglycerides from Baseline to Week 26 for each treatment group in patients randomized to the High Glycemic Substudy.
Time frame: Day 1 (Baseline) and Week 26
Percent Change in High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) From Baseline to Week 26 (High Glycemic Substudy)
The table below shows the least-squares mean percent change in HDL-C from Baseline to Week 26 for each treatment group in patients randomized to the High Glycemic Substudy.
Time frame: Day 1 (Baseline) and Week 26