The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and immune response of an adenovirus-based HIV-1 vaccine regimen that includes two vaccines given at different time points in HIV-uninfected adults.
One approach to developing a preventive HIV vaccine includes the use of a prime-boost vaccine strategy. This type of strategy involves two vaccines, given sequentially at different time points. The goal is to stimulate different parts of the immune system and enhance the body's overall immune response to HIV. In this study, participants will receive two HIV vaccines 3 months apart. Heterologous-insert prime-boost vaccine regimens, which use the same gene from different HIV-1 subtypes, may be more effective than traditional homologous insert prime-boost vaccine regimens at eliciting immune responses directed at epitopes that are highly prevalent, possibly leading to a more effective immune system response to the vaccine. The purpose of this study is to assess the safety and immunogenicity of a heterologous-insert prime-boost HIV vaccine regimen that uses inserts from different HIV-1 subtypes and different adenovirus vectors. This study will enroll healthy, HIV-uninfected people. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of five study groups: * Group 1 will receive the recombinant adenovirus serotype 35 (rAd35) Env A vaccine at baseline and the recombinant adenovirus serotype 5 (rAd5) Env A vaccine at Month 3. * Group 2 will receive the rAd35 Env A vaccine at baseline and the rAd5 Env B vaccine at Month 3. * Group 3 will receive the rAd35 Env A vaccine at baseline and at Month 3. * Group 4 will receive the rAd5 Env A vaccine at baseline and at Month 3. * Group 5 will receive the rAd5 Env A vaccine at baseline and the rAd5 Env B vaccine at Month 3. All vaccines will be injected into the upper arm. At both vaccination study visits, participants will undergo a physical exam, a medical and medication history review, a blood and urine collection, and questionnaires. Participants will receive counseling on HIV risk reduction and pregnancy prevention. After receiving the vaccine, participants will remain in the clinic for at least 30 minutes for observation and monitoring of side effects. For 3 days after each vaccination, participants will record their temperature and side effects in a symptom log. In addition to the vaccine study visits, other study visits will occur at Week 2, two weeks after the Month 3 visit, and at Months 4, 6, and 9, at which time various study procedures will be repeated. Participants will be contacted by study researchers once a year for 5 years for follow-up safety monitoring. Safety monitoring will not involve visiting a clinic except if a confirmatory HIV test is needed. Questions will assess health and adverse events. The primary objective of this study is to assess the safety and tolerability, as well as the ability, of a heterologous-insert prime-boost vaccine regimen using env inserts from different HIV-1 clades to increase T-cell responses. In addition, this study is evaluating the effectiveness of a heterologous-insert prime-boost and vector prime-boost vaccine regimen at increasing T-cell responses. The study will also compare the degree of polyfunctionality of insert specific T cells after vaccination within heterologous and homologous vector vaccine regimens.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
TRIPLE
Enrollment
180
1 x 10\^10 particle units (PU) administered as 1 mL intramuscularly (IM) in deltoid
1 x 10\^10 PU administered as 1 mL IM in deltoid
1 x 10\^10 PU administered as 1 mL IM in deltoid
Alabama CRS
Birmingham, Alabama, United States
Bridge HIV CRS
San Francisco, California, United States
The Hope Clinic of the Emory Vaccine Center CRS
Decatur, Georgia, United States
Brigham and Women's Hospital Vaccine CRS (BWH VCRS)
Frequency and severity of local injection site reactogenicity signs and symptoms, including pain, tenderness, erythema, induration, and maximum severity of pain and/or tenderness
Time frame: Measured at baseline and Month 3
Frequency and severity of systemic reactogenicity signs and symptoms, including fever, malaise/fatigue, myalgia, headache, nausea, vomiting, chills, arthralgia, and maximum severity of systemic symptoms
Time frame: Measured at baseline and Month 3
Frequency of adverse events (AEs) categorized by MedDRA body system, MedDRA preferred term, severity and assessed relationship to study products; detailed description of all AEs meeting DAIDS criteria for expedited reporting
Time frame: Measured at Month 9
Distribution of values of safety laboratory measures, including white blood cells (WBCs), neutrophils, lymphocytes, hemoglobin, platelets, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at baseline and at postvaccination follow-up study visits
Time frame: Measured at Month 9
Number of participants with early discontinuation of vaccinations and reason for discontinuation
Time frame: Measured at Month 9
Number of shared HIV epitopes targeted by T-cells
Time frame: Measured at 4 weeks following the final vaccination
HIV-1-specific interferon gamma (IFN-y) ELISpot responses
Time frame: Measured at 4 weeks following the final vaccination
Number of shared HIV epitopes targeted by T-cells
Time frame: Measured at 4 weeks following the final vaccination
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Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Columbia P&S CRS
New York, New York, United States
New York Blood Center CRS
New York, New York, United States
University of Rochester Vaccines to Prevent HIV Infection CRS
Rochester, New York, United States
Vanderbilt Vaccine (VV) CRS
Nashville, Tennessee, United States
HIV-1-specific IFN-y ELISpot responses
Time frame: Measured at 4 weeks following the final vaccination
Frequency of insert-specific CD4 and CD8 cells
Time frame: Measured at 4 weeks following the final vaccination
Number of HIV epitopes targeted by T-cells
Time frame: Measured at 4 weeks following the final vaccination
Functional spectrum of CD4 and CD8 cells by intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) assay for IFN-y, IL-2, and TNF-a
Time frame: Measured at Month 9
Binding and neutralizing antibody titers
Time frame: Measured at baseline and at 4 weeks following the final vaccination