Driving Performance After Middle of the Night Administration of 3.5 mg Zolpidem Tartrate Sublingual Tablet

Transcept Pharmaceuticals40 enrolled

Overview

A study in healthy volunteers of the next morning driving performance after middle-of-the-night dosing of 3.5 mg zolpidem tartrate sublingual tablet, a sleep aid. The next morning driving performance will be measured by taking a standardized driving test.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

TRIPLE

Enrollment

Conditions

Insomnia

Interventions

zopicloneDRUG

7.5 mg tablet by mouth. Zopiclone is a commonly used hypnotic in Europe that is known to impair driving in the morning 9 hours after dosing.

zolpidem tartrate sublingual tabletDRUG

3.5 mg zolpidem tartrate sublingual tablet taken either 3 or 4 hours prior to driving. Participants placed the study drug under the tongue and allowed it to dissolve there for about 2 minutes, then swallowed after dissolved.

Placebo (sublingual tablet)DRUG

Placebo matching zolpidem tartrate sublingual tablet taken either 3 or 4 hours prior to driving. Participants placed the study drug under the tongue and allowed it to dissolve there for about 2 minutes, then swallowed after dissolved.

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 21 YearsMax age: 64 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Male or female subjects between the ages of 21 and 64 inclusive. For female subjects only: Female subjects will be included if they are post-menopausal or sterilized, or if they are of childbearing potential, they are not breastfeeding, their pregnancy test is negative, they have no intention of becoming pregnant during the course of the study, and are using adequate contraceptive drugs or devices. Medically acceptable methods of contraception that may be used by the subject and/or her partner are: oral contraceptives, progestin injection or implants, condom with spermicide, diaphragm with spermicide, IUD, vaginal spermicidal suppository, surgical sterilization or abstinence. Females using oral contraception must have started using the medication at least 4 weeks prior to screening. Surgical sterilization must have occurred at least 6 weeks prior to screening. * Good health on the basis of pre-study history and physical examination, vital signs and the results of blood chemistry, hematology, and urinalysis * Good binocular visual acuity, corrected or uncorrected * Possession of valid driver's license for 3 years or more * Driving experience at least 3000 km/year * Signed informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * A history of drug addiction or drug or substance abuse, including alcohol abuse, within the past 12 months * Has a history of restless legs syndrome, sleep apnea, narcolepsy or other primary sleep disorder * A known hypersensitivity to zolpidem or zopiclone * Has undergone oral surgery, tooth extraction or piercing of the lip/tongue within 60 days prior to screening * Has used any medication to promote sleep, including herbal medications, within 14 days (or 5 half-lives of the drug, whichever is longer) prior to screening * Prescription medications for other health conditions are allowed as long as the subject has been on a stable dose at least 30 days prior to screening * Has taken any drugs known to induce hepatic drug metabolism (i.e., rifampin) within 30 days prior to screening * BMI \> 29 Kg/M\^2 * Current use of medication that affects driving performance * Smokes more than 10 cigarettes/day * Uses tobacco products during periods of nighttime awakening * Consumes more than 6 cups of coffee/day * Consumes more than 21 glasses of alcohol/week * Has received an investigational drug within 60 days or 5 half-lives (whichever is longer) prior to screening * Has any additional condition(s) that in the Investigator's opinion would: * Affect sleep/wake function * Prohibit the subject from completing the study * Not be in the best interest of the subject to participate in the study

Locations (1)

Maastricht University

Maastricht, Netherlands

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Number of Participants Whose Standard Deviation of Lateral Position (SDLP) Following Active Treatment As Compared to Placebo In Relation To The 2.5 cm SDLP Threshold

SDLP was measured by an infrared camera mounted on the car's roof during a highway driving test. Lateral position of the car relative to the left lane boundary was recorded. The data summarizes the number of participants whose driving performance was worse, neutral or improved as compared to placebo at the 2.5 cm threshold. A neutral driving performance shows a difference of SDLP \>= 2.5 cm and \<= -2.5 cm when compared to placebo. A worse performance is when the difference of SDLP \> 2.5 cm, and an improved performance is when the difference of SDLP \< -2.5 cm.

Time frame: 3-9 hours post dose

Probability of Differences From Placebo Exceeding The 2.5 cm Threshold in Standard Deviation of Lateral Position (SDLP) Following Administration of Active Therapy

This table represents the probability of driving performance changes summarized in the previous table. It answers the question: What is the chance that # participants out of the total number of participants had better (or worse) driving performance? Probability values of \<.001 are listed in the data table as 0.000. A symmetry analysis was conducted for the probability of difference in mean SDLP (treatment) - mean SDLP (placebo) exceeding thresholds. Statistically significant asymmetries indicate a decrement in driving performance.

Time frame: 3-9 hours post dose

Secondary Outcomes

Mean Standard Deviation of Lateral Position (SDLP) in the Highway Driving Test

Standard deviation of lateral position (SDLP) in a highway-driving lane is a surrogate measure for driving performance. It measures the driver's ability to stay in a constant position within the driving lane. Variations in the lateral position are recorded and analyzed.

Time frame: 3-9 hours post dose

Mean Standard Deviation of Speed (SDS) in the Highway Drive Test

Mean standard deviation of speed (SDS) is a common measure of the driver's ability to maintain a constant driving speed. Variations in driving speed are recorded and analyzed.

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

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