Biomarkers representing distinct biological domains including neurohormonal, inflammatory, metabolic-nutritional, oxidative-nitrosative and myocardial injury, might alone or in combination provide prognostic information on mortality in heart failure patients with preserved or impaired systolic function.
Upon enrollment in the study, Troponin I (cTn I), BNP, norepinephrine, plasma renin activity, aldosterone, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), soluble receptor of interleukin 2 (sIL-2R), leptin, prealbumin, free malondialdehyde, 15-F2t-isoprostane and protein-bound nitrotyrosine were measured in stable ambulatory, non diabetic, elderly heart failure patients. Patients were followed up until death or study termination (31st January 2009).
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
124
Università di Parma
Parma, Italy
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