A Study of Duloxetine in Elderly Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Eli Lilly and Company291 enrolled

Overview

The purpose of this study is to test the safety and efficacy of duloxetine versus placebo in elderly patients suffering from generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

DOUBLE

Enrollment

291

Conditions

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Interventions

DuloxetineDRUG

Administered by mouth, daily for 10 weeks

PlaceboDRUG

Administered by mouth, daily for 10 weeks

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 65 Years

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Have GAD based on diagnostic criteria and not suffer from an adjustment disorder or anxiety disorder not otherwise specified. Symptoms of GAD should not be situational in nature. * Have a Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of at least 24 at screening. * Have a Clinical Global Impressions of Severity (CGI-Severity) score of greater than or equal to 4 at screening and randomization. * Have a Covi Anxiety Scale (CAS) score of greater than or equal to 9, no item in the Raskin Depression Scale (RDS) may be \>3, and the CAS score must be greater than the RDS at screening. * Have a Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) anxiety subscale score of greater than or equal to 10 at screening. * Have a degree of understanding such that the participant can communicate intelligibly with the investigator and study coordinator. * Are judged to be reliable to keep all appointments and able to swallow all required medication without opening or crushing. Exclusion Criteria: * Have any current and primary Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition-Text Revised (DSM-IV TR) Axis I diagnosis other than GAD, with the exception of comorbid social phobia or specific phobia. * major depressive disorder (MDD) within the past 6 months, or * panic disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), or an eating disorder within the past year, or * obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), bipolar affective disorder, psychosis, factitious disorder, or somatoform disorders during their lifetime. * The presence of an Axis II disorder, or history of antisocial behavior, or participants who, in the opinion of the investigator, are poor medical or psychiatric risks for study compliance. * Have organic mental disorder or mental retardation diagnosis. * Use of benzodiazepine within 14 days prior to randomization. * Are judged clinically to be at serious risk of harm to self or others. * Are currently enrolled in, or discontinued within the last 30 days from, a clinical trial involving an off-label use of an investigational drug or device, or concurrently enrolled in any other type of medical research judged not to be scientifically or medically compatible with this study. * Have previously completed or withdrawn from this study or any other study investigating duloxetine or have previously been treated with duloxetine within the past year or participants with a lack of response or intolerability to duloxetine (for any approved indication) at a clinically appropriate dose for a minimum of 4 weeks. * Have a history of alcohol or any psychoactive substance abuse or dependence within the past 6 months. * Excessively use caffeine, in the opinion of the investigator. * Have a positive urine drug screen (UDS) for any substances of abuse at screening. * Have a serious medical illness. * Have any acute liver injury or severe cirrhosis. * Have an abnormal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations. * Have initiated psychotherapy or changed intensity of psychotherapy or other non-drug therapies (such as acupuncture or hypnosis) within 6 weeks prior to enrollment or at any time during the study. * Have taken any excluded medication within 7 days prior to randomization. * Have been treated with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) or fluoxetine within 30 days of randomization or potentially need to use an MAOI during the study or within 5 days of discontinuation of study drug. * Exhibit a lack of response of the current episode of GAD to 2 or more adequate trials of antidepressants, benzodiazepines, or other anxiolytics at a clinically appropriate dose for a minimum of 4 weeks. * Have a history of severe allergies, hypersensitivity to duloxetine or to any of the inactive ingredients; multiple adverse drug reactions; transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS); history of seizures; or history of psychosurgery or electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) within 12 months. * Have discontinued hormone replacement therapy within the previous 3 months. * Have uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma.

Locations (25)

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Change From Baseline to Week 10 in Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) Total Score

Time frame: Baseline, Week 10

Secondary Outcomes

Change From Baseline to Week 10 in Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) Global Functional Impairment Score

The SDS was a participant-rated questionnaire used to assess the effect of the participant's symptoms on work/school (Item 1), social life/leisure activities (Item 2), and family/home management (Item 3). Each item was rated on a visual analog scale (VAS) from 0 (not at all) to 10 (very severely). The SDS Global Functional Impairment Score (SDS Global Score) was the sum of the 3 items and could have ranged from 0 (unimpaired) to 30 (highly impaired). Higher values indicated a higher functional impairment in the participant's work/social/family life. Least squares (LS) mean were calculated and analyzed using mixed-model repeated measures (MMRM) adjusted for treatment, pooled investigator, age category, visit, treatment-by-visit, baseline score, and baseline-by-visit.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 10

Change From Baseline to Week 10 in Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) (Psychic Anxiety Factor Score, Somatic Anxiety Factor Score, and Individual Item Scores: Anxious Mood Item and Tension Item)

The Structured Interview Guide for the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (SIGH-A) was used to collect HAMA data. The HAMA consisted of 14 items that assessed the severity of anxiety. Each item was scored using a 5-point scale (0=not present to 4=very severe). The HAMA Psychic Anxiety Factor Score was the sum of Items 1 to 6 and Item 14 and could have ranged from 0 to 28. The HAMA Somatic Anxiety Factor Score was the sum of Items 7 to 13 and could have ranged from 0 to 28. The HAMA Anxious Mood Item Score was the score for Item 1 and the HAMA Tension Item Score was the score for Item 2. In each case, higher scores indicated a greater degree of symptom severity. Least squares (LS) mean were calculated and analyzed using mixed-model repeated measures (MMRM) adjusted for treatment, pooled investigator, age category, visit, treatment-by-visit, baseline score, and baseline-by-visit.

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

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For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.

Orlando, Florida, United States

Prairie Village, Kansas, United States

Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Nashua, New Hampshire, United States

Toms River, New Jersey, United States

Staten Island, New York, United States

Cincinnati, Ohio, United States

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

Clinton, Utah, United States

Bellevue, Washington, United States

...and 15 more locations

Time frame: Baseline, Week 10

Change From Baseline to Week 10 Endpoint in Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) Subscale Scores

HADS was a 14-item questionnaire with 2 subscales (anxiety and depression). Each item was rated on a 4-point scale (0 to 3) and higher scores indicated a greater dysfunction. The HADS Anxiety Subscale Score was the sum of the odd numbered items and scores could have ranged from 0 to 21. The HADS Depression Subscale Score was the sum of the even numbered items and scores could have ranged from 0 to 21. Higher scores indicated a greater dysfunction. Least squares (LS) mean were calculated and analyzed using mixed-model repeated measures (MMRM) adjusted for treatment, pooled investigator, age category, visit, treatment-by-visit, baseline score, and baseline-by-visit.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 10

Clinical Global Impressions of Improvement Scale (CGI-Improvement) at Week 10

CGI-Improvement measured the clinician's perception of the participant's improvement at the time of assessment compared with the start of treatment. Scores could have ranged from 1 (very much improved) to 7 (very much worse). Least squares (LS) mean were calculated and analyzed using mixed-model repeated measures (MMRM) adjusted for treatment, pooled investigator, age category, visit, treatment-by-visit.

Time frame: Week 10

Patient's Global Impressions of Improvement Scale (PGI-Improvement) at Week 10

PGI-Improvement measured the participant's perception of his or her improvement at the time of assessment compared with the start of treatment. Scores could have ranged from 1 (very much better) to 7 (very much worse). Least squares (LS) mean were calculated and analyzed using mixed-model repeated measures (MMRM) adjusted for treatment, pooled investigator, age category, visit, treatment-by-visit.

Time frame: Week 10

Change From Baseline to Week 10 in Brief Pain Inventory-Modified Short Form (BPI-SF) Pain Severity and Interference Subscales

The BPI-SF Pain Severity Subscale was a participant-rated questionnaire that measured the severity of pain. Severity scores could have ranged from 0 (no pain) to 10 (pain as bad as you can imagine) for questions assessing worst pain, least pain, and average pain in the past 24 hours, and pain right now. The BPI-SF Interference Subscale measured the interference of pain with the participant's ability to function. Interference scores could have ranged from 0 (does not interfere) to 10 (completely interferes) for questions assessing interference of pain in the past 24 hours for general activity, mood, walking ability, normal work, relations with other people, sleep, and enjoyment of life. Least squares (LS) means were calculated and analyzed using mixed-model repeated measures (MMRM) adjusted for treatment, pooled investigator, age category, visit, treatment-by-visit, baseline score, and baseline-by-visit.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 10

Change From Baseline to Week 10 in Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire - Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF) Total Score

The Q-LES-Q-SF was a participant-rated questionnaire designed to assess the degree of enjoyment and satisfaction experienced during the past week. The questionnaire consisted of 16 items rated on a 5-point scale ranging from 1 (very poor) to 5 (very good). The total raw score was the sum of Items 1 to 14 and could have ranged from 14 to 70. Total raw scores were converted to, and expressed as, the percentage of the maximum possible score. Percent=100\*(total raw score - 14)/56. Higher scores indicated higher levels of enjoyment/satisfaction. Least squares (LS) mean were calculated and analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) adjusted for treatment, pooled investigator, age category, and baseline.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 10

Number of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Suicide-Related Ideation and Behavior Based on the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS)

The C-SSRS captured the occurrence, severity, and frequency of suicide-related thoughts and behaviors. Suicidal ideation: a "yes" answer to any 1 of 5 suicidal ideation questions: wish to be dead, and 4 different categories of active suicidal ideation. Suicidal behavior: a "yes" answer to any 1 of 5 suicidal behavior questions: preparatory acts or behavior, aborted attempt, interrupted attempt, actual attempt, and completed suicide. Treatment-emergent was the worsening or new occurrence of suicidal behavior or ideation during treatment compared with baseline (Week 0).

Time frame: Baseline through 10 weeks

Change From Baseline to Week 10 in Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) Work/School, Social Life, and Family/Home Management Individual Impairment Scores

The SDS was a participant-rated questionnaire used to assess the effect of the participant's symptoms on work/school (Item 1), social life/leisure activities (Item 2), and family/home management (Item 3). Each item was rated on a visual analog scale (VAS) from 0 (not at all) to 10 (very severely). Higher values indicated a higher functional impairment in the participant's work/social/family life. Least squares (LS) mean were calculated and analyzed using mixed-model repeated measures (MMRM) adjusted for treatment, pooled investigator, age category, visit, treatment-by-visit, baseline score, and baseline-by-visit.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 10

Percentage of Participants With Response or Remission at Week 10 (Response and Remission Rates)

Response was a ≥50% improvement (reduction) in the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) Total Score at treatment period endpoint compared with baseline. Two definitions were used to determine remission: Definition 1 (HAMA Total Score ≤7 at endpoint) and Definition 2 (HAMA Total Score ≤10 at endpoint). The Structured Interview Guide for the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (SIGH-A) was used to collect HAMA data. The HAMA consisted of 14 items that assessed the severity of anxiety. Each item was scored using a 5-point scale (0=not present to 4=very severe). The HAMA Total Score could have ranged from 0 to 56 and higher scores indicated a greater degree of symptom severity.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 10

Percentage of Participants With Functional Remission at Week 10 (Functional Remission Rate)

Two definitions, using the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) Global Functional Impairment Score (SDS Global Score), were used to determine functional remission: Definition 1 (SDS Global Score ≤5 at endpoint) and Definition 2 (SDS Global Score ≤6 at endpoint). The SDS was a participant-rated questionnaire used to assess the effect of the participant's symptoms on work/school (Item 1), social life/leisure activities (Item 2), and family/home management (Item 3). Each item was rated on a visual analog scale (VAS) from 0 (not at all) to 10 (very severely). The SDS Global Score was the sum of the 3 items and could have ranged from 0 (unimpaired) to 30 (highly impaired). Higher values indicated a higher functional impairment in the participant's work/social/family life.

Time frame: Week 10

Percentage of Participants With Sustained Improvement (Sustained Improvement Rate)

Two definitions, using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) Total Score at endpoint compared with baseline, were used to determine sustained improvement: Definition 1 \[sustained improvement overall required a ≥30% improvement (reduction) in the HAMA Total Score at treatment period endpoint, at an earlier visit prior to endpoint, and at all visits in between\] and Definition 2 (sustained improvement from Week 2 required a ≥30% reduction at treatment period endpoint, at Week 2, and at all visits in between). Both definitions required at least 2 post-baseline visits. The Structured Interview Guide for the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (SIGH-A) was used to collect HAMA data. The HAMA consisted of 14 items that assessed the severity of anxiety. Each item was scored using a 5-point scale (0=not present to 4=very severe). The HAMA Total Score could have ranged from 0 to 56 and higher scores indicated a greater degree of symptom severity.

Time frame: (Baseline through 10 weeks) and (Baseline, Week 2 through Week 10)

Adverse Events (AEs) Leading to Discontinuation From Study

The number of participants who discontinued from the study due to an AE (serious or other AE) during the treatment period. A summary of serious and other AEs is located in the Reported Adverse Events module.

Time frame: Baseline through 10 weeks

Percentage of Participants Reporting Falling Down

The percentage of participants who reported 1 or more falls at or before Week 10.

Time frame: Baseline through 10 weeks

Time to First Response

The time (days) to first response, defined as a ≥50% improvement (reduction) from baseline in the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) Total Score. Participants who did not have a response were censored at the last treatment period visit. The Structured Interview Guide for the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (SIGH-A) was used to collect HAMA data. The HAMA consisted of 14 items that assessed the severity of anxiety. Each item was scored using a 5-point scale (0=not present to 4=very severe). The HAMA Total Score could have ranged from 0 to 56 and higher scores indicated a greater degree of symptom severity.

Time frame: Baseline through 10 weeks

Time to First Remission

The time (days) to first remission. Two definitions, using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) Total Score, were used to determine remission: Definition 1 (HAMA Total Score ≤7 at endpoint) and Definition 2 (HAMA Total Score ≤10 at endpoint). Participants who did not have remission were censored at the last treatment period visit. The Structured Interview Guide for the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (SIGH-A) was used to collect HAMA data. The HAMA consisted of 14 items that assessed the severity of anxiety. Each item was scored using a 5-point scale (0=not present to 4=very severe). The HAMA Total Score could have ranged from 0 to 56 and higher scores indicated a greater degree of symptom severity.

Time frame: Baseline through 10 weeks

Time to Sustained Improvement Overall

Time (days) to the earliest visit at which the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) Total Score was a ≥30% improvement (reduction) from baseline that was sustained through the last treatment period visit. Participants who did not meet sustained improvement criteria were censored at the last treatment period visit. The Structured Interview Guide for the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (SIGH-A) was used to collect HAMA data. HAMA consisted of 14 items that assessed the severity of anxiety. Each item was scored using a 5-point scale (0=not present to 4=very severe). The HAMA Total Score could have ranged from 0 to 56 and higher scores indicated a greater degree of symptom severity.

Time frame: Baseline through 10 weeks

Time to First Functional Remission

Time (days) to first functional remission. Two definitions, using the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) Global Functional Impairment Score (SDS Global Score), were used to determine functional remission: Definition 1 (SDS Global Score ≤5 at endpoint) and Definition 2 (SDS Global Score ≤6 at endpoint). Participants, who did not have an SDS Global Score ≤5 or ≤6, were censored at the last treatment period visit. The SDS was a participant-rated questionnaire used to assess the effect of the participant's symptoms on work/school (Item 1), social life/leisure activities (Item 2), and family/home management (Item 3). Each item was rated on a visual analog scale (VAS) from 0 (not at all) to 10 (very severely). The SDS Global Score was the sum of the 3 items and could have ranged from 0 (unimpaired) to 30 (highly impaired). Higher values indicated a higher functional impairment in the participant's work/social/family life.

Time frame: Baseline through 10 weeks

Time to First Improvement

The time (days) to first improvement, defined as a Clinical Global Impression of Improvement (CGI-Improvement) Score ≤2. Participants who did not have a CGI-I Score ≤2 were censored at the last treatment period visit. CGI-Improvement measured the clinician's perception of the participant's improvement at the time of assessment compared with the start of treatment. Scores could have ranged from 1 (very much improved) to 7 (very much worse). A CGI-Improvement Score of ≤2 was much improved or very much improved.

Time frame: Baseline through 10 weeks