Impact of Inspired Oxygen Fraction on Outcome in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients with isolated non-penetrating traumatic brain injury * Multiple trauma patient with brain injury and traumas outside abdomen, thorax or pelvis not affecting oxygenation * Glasgow coma scale eight or less (inclusive) * Expected need for intubation and for mechanical ventilation more than 24 hours. * Are recruited \<18 hours after admittance to ICU and * Time from TBI is less than 36 hours * Informed consent from patients representative Exclusion Criteria: * Age \<18 or \>65 years, * Anticipated brain death in 12 hours (donor treatment) or otherwise moribund patient expected to die in 24 hours * Expected need for mechanical ventilation less than 24 hours * Insufficient oxygenation assessed by a clinician or multiple trauma patients with brain injury and severe abdominal, thoracic or pelvic injury possibly affecting oxygenation. * No consent * Insufficient oxygenation with the treatment modality of the lower oxygenation group (Pa02 less than 13 kPa or SpO2 95% with Fi02 40%, PEEP 10 or less) or oxygenation failure probable during ICU care (severe aspiration, multiple trauma patients with brain injury and severe abdominal, thoracic or pelvic injury possibly affecting oxygenation) * Penetrating TBI * No consent * Suspected pregnancy (perform urinary or serological pregnancy test if suspected)