Pea Protein and Postprandial Response (PEA)

Inclusion Criteria: * male gender * central obesity: waist circumference ≥94 cm plus any one of the following four factors: * raised triglyceride level: ≥1.7 mmol/L; * reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol: \<1.03 mmol/L * raised blood pressure: systolic blood pressure ≥130 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥85 mmHg or use of blood pressure lowering medication * raised fasting plasma glucose ≥ 5.6 mmol/L Additional inclusion criteria: * age 45-70 years * body weight should be stable for 3 months * stable exercise habits during the last 6 months, and not participating in any vigorous exercise program Exclusion Criteria: * tobacco smoking * (undiagnosed) diabetes - but not impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) as evaluated by an oral glucose tolerance test at screening * active hearth disease, i.e. history of myocardial infarction or angina pectoris * following, or have recently followed a (weight-loss) diet * drug uses knowing to interfere with the objectives of the study * oral corticosteroids, lipid-lowering drugs (statins) * allergic to cow milk / dairy products or gluten * vegetarians * received inoculations within 2 months of starting or planned to during the study * donated or intended to donate blood 2 months before till two months after the study * abuse of drugs and/or alcohol * participation in another biomedical study within 1 month before the first screening visit * not agreeable to be informed about possible distorted blood values which could be found by screening