Metabolic Impact of Fat Digestion

Hospices Civils de Lyon20 enrolled

Overview

In this study, the investigators are interested in investigating how the emulsification state and amount of fat in a meal can modify the kinetics of postprandial lipemia and inflammatory outcomes (including endotoxemia) in obese vs lean subjects. 10 lean and 10 obese volunteers will come 3 times (\>3 weeks apart) at the investigation center to receive a standard breakfast containing milk fat (10 g non emulsified, or 40 g non emulsified, or 40 g finely emulsified). 13C triglyceride stable isotopes will allow to follow the metabolic fate of fatty acids and calculate lipid oxidation by breath test. Blood sampling throughout digestion will allow to measure metabolic, lipid and inflammation parameters. Stool will be analysed to determine lipid losses in faeces and to phenotype microbiota.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Masking

NONE

Enrollment

Conditions

Obesity

Interventions

All subjects receive three sequences of a standard breakfast containing : * 10 g non emulsified * or 40 g non emulsified * or 40 g finely emulsified of milk fat with stable isotope (13C triglyceride). The administration order is determined by randomized allocation. The wash-out period is three weeks. There are not diet or exercise interventions. Only, one week before and three days after, the subjects consume neither naturally enriched in 13C foods or pre/probiotics. In addition, three days before and three days after each test, the subjects receive dietary instructions

Eligibility

Sex: MALEMin age: 18 YearsMax age: 45 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * No smokers * BMI 18 to 35 kg/m2 * Moderate physical activity * Safety subject during medical consultation Exclusion Criteria: * Medical history which may affect lipid metabolism and gut microflora (renal -cardiovascular -hepatic- endocrine-inflammatory diseases) * Drug use that could affect lipid metabolism and gut microflora (steroids, antilipemic agent, anorectic, antibiotic) * Inflammatory or infectious disease in the last three month * C Reactive Protein \> 20 * Prebiotic or probiotic high consumers (several times a day) * Eating disorder * Claustrophobic subjects

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Time of appearance of plasma triglyceride peak after ingestion of emulsified vs unemulsified fat during breakfast

Time frame: four hours

Secondary Outcomes

Kinectics of: Lipid oxidation plasma metabolite concentrations Endotoxemia and plasma markers of inflammation 13 C-fatty acid appearance in plasma

Subgroups analysis on subjects BMI amount of ingested fat and emulsified or unemulsified state of ingested fat

Time frame: one day