The Early Diagnosis and Warning Role of Erectile Dysfunction

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Male and at least 18 years of age. 2. Provide signed informed consent. 3. Have a history of erectile dysfunction (ED: defined as a consistent change in the quality of erection that adversely affects the subject's satisfaction with sexual intercourse) . 4. Have a stable monogamous relationship with a female partner. To some subjects with poor sexual experience, re-evaluation would be conducted after a 4-weeks sex education. 5. Make at least four sexual intercourse attempts with the female sexual study partner during the 4-week therapeutic period without medication. 6. Agree not to use any other ED treatment for at least 4 weeks. Exclusion Criteria: 1. severe diseases (such as congestive heart failure, arrhythmia, significant renal or hepatic dysfunction and anemia); 2. Had clinically noteworthy penile deformities, pelvic surgery or trauma of perineal region; 3. Had received long-term pharmacotherapy (including antioxidant agents, vitamins and traditional Chinese drugs). 4. An addiction problem (with a history of injection or administration of opium, poppy, heroin, hemp, morphine, cocaine, caffeine, ketamine and meperidine etc.)