The fatty acid composition of canola oil will have beneficial acute and chronic effects on vascular function in individuals with peripheral arterial disease.
Given that much of the evidence for current dietary recommendations for type and amounts of fatty acids is based on heart disease, the proposed research will contribute to the knowledge base for dietary fat recommendations for individuals with established cardiovascular disease. Specifically, this study will establish whether canola oil has positive effects on blood vessel function in individuals with peripheral arterial disease by measuring true clinical endpoints such as ankle-brachial index, walking distance, claudication, and vascular function measures. Additionally, since reduced blood flow contributes to cognitive impairment, this study will explore whether improvements in blood vessel function are also associated with improvements in cognitive function. Given the large proportion of the population affected by atherosclerosis and various forms of cardiovascular disease, there is significant potential for greater consumption and utilization of canola oil if there are beneficial effects on blood vessel function and other indicators of cardiovascular disease risk.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
TRIPLE
Enrollment
53
Participants (10 healthy and 10 with peripheral arterial disease) will be asked to attend a total of 5 consecutive visits (with a minimum of 6 days between visits) in a fasting state where they will be randomly assigned one food item in the form of banana bread containing 50 gm fat from traditional canola oil.
Participants (10 healthy and 10 with peripheral arterial disease) will be asked to attend a total of 5 consecutive visits (with a minimum of 6 days between visits) in a fasting state where they will be randomly assigned one food item in the form of banana bread containing 50 gm fat from high oleic canola oil.
Participants (10 healthy and 10 with peripheral arterial disease) will be asked to attend a total of 5 consecutive visits (with a minimum of 6 days between visits) in a fasting state where they will be randomly assigned one food item in the form of banana bread containing 50 gm fat from soybean oil.
IH Asper Clinical Research Insitute, St. Boniface General Hospital
Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
Acute study to identify the relative potency of fatty acid compositions on blood vessel function in healthy participants and individuals with peripheral arterial disease.
Participants (n=20,10 peripheral arterial disease/10 healthy) will attend 5 weekly visits and receive one food item (banana bread)at each visit. Assessment of endothelial function at 2-hours post consumption. Blood samples will be collected for plasma triglycerides, glucose, insulin, markers of oxidative stress, vascular function, inflammation, and metabolism. Food intake and physical activity will be recorded the day before their first test visit, and the same (foods and activities) will be repeated before each visit. Ankle Brachial Index and Pulse Wave Velocity testing will be done.
Time frame: weekly testing for 5 weeks
To test the effects of canola oil consumption for its effects on vascular function and cardiovascular risk factors in a chronic 8-week study in individuals with peripheral arterial disease.
Participants (n=50,peripheral arterial disease) will be randomly assigned (25 per group) to food items containing either traditional canola oil or an oil mixutre representing the Western diet. Assessments of vascular function, cognitive function, blood lipid profile, glycated hemoglobin, biomarkers of vascular function, inflammation, oxidative stress, immune function, and metabolism, advanced glycated endproducts, and anthropometrics will be completed at baseline and at 8 weeks.
Time frame: baseline and at 8 weeks
To explore whether improvements in blood vessel function in the chronic 8-week study are also associated with improvements in cognitive function.
Participants (n=50, 25/group) with peripheral arterial disease will be randomly assigned to receive daily food item(s) containing traditional canola oil or an oil mixture representing the Western diet. Assessment of cognitive function will occur at baseline and at the end of the 8-week study schedule.
Time frame: baseline and at 8 weeks
4. To assess compliance and tolerability through subjective feedback provided from participants during the chronic 8-week study.
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Participants (10 healthy and 10 with peripheral arterial disease) will be asked to attend a total of 5 consecutive visits (with a minimum of 6 days between visits) in a fasting state where they will be randomly assigned one food item in the form of banana bread containing 50 gm fat from high linoleic safflower oil.
Participants (10 healthy and 10 with peripheral arterial disease) will be asked to attend a total of 5 consecutive visits (with a minimum of 6 days between visits) in a fasting state where they will be randomly assigned one food item in the form of banana bread containing 50 gm fat from coconut oil.
Participants with peripheral arterial disease (n=25) will be randomized to daily consumption of food items prepared with traditional canola oil for eight weeks.
Participants with peripheral arterial disease (n=25) will be randomized to daily consumption of foods prepared with an oil mixture representing the typical western diet
Participants (n=50, 25/group) with peripheral arterial disease will be randomly assigned to receive a daily food item(s) containing traditional canola oil or an oil mixture representing the Western diet. Compliance and tolerability with food consumption (including side effects) will be assessed from participants' experiences throughout the 8-week study schedule.
Time frame: baseline at at 8 weeks