The purpose of this study was to develop an integrative intervention for schizophrenia taking into account previous efficacious therapies. Thus, our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of our cognitive remediation group training: Problem Solving and Cognitive Flexibility training (REPYFLEC), focused to improve neurocognition and functioning in schizophrenia patients. We hypothesized that training executive function and metacognition would allow us to achieve improvements in neurocognition, functioning and psychiatric symptoms of patients with schizophrenia.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
62
Comparison of 32 Repyflec group sessions among 32 leisure group sessions where we stimulated non-specific cognitive perform.
Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu
Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
Executive Function
Behavioral Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome (BADS). This scale evaluates cognitive flexibility, inhibition of impulsive responses, planning and organization, working memory and time-estimation capacity. All subscales (Rule shift cards, Action Program, Key search, Temporal judgment, Zoo map and Six elements) were administered. We used subscales raw scores which run from 0 to 4. The subscales' raw score is summarized and converted to standardized total score which run (min. 12-max. 129). A higher score indicates better performance.
Time frame: Change from baseline in executive function at 16 weeks (post-treatment)
Executive Function
Behavioral Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome (BADS) (Wilson et al., 1996). This scale evaluates cognitive flexibility, inhibition of impulsive responses, planning and organization, working memory and time-estimation capacity. All subscales (Rule shift cards, Action Program, Key search, Temporal judgement, Zoo map and Six elements) were administered. We used subscales raw scores which run from 0 to 4. The subscales' raw score is summarized and converted to standardized total score which run (min. 12-max. 129). A higher score indicates better performance.
Time frame: Change from baseline in executive functioning at 40 weeks
Psychosocial Functioning
The Spanish validation of the Life Skills Profile (LSP)was used. This scale measures functionality in daily life activities such as self-care, social behavior and autonomy. Raw scoring was used for the various subscales which are summarized for the total (min. 39-max. 156) with a higher score indicating a better result. The 5 subscales are: Self-care, Non-turbulence, Social contact, Communication and Responsibility. We used the Spanish validation of the Social Functioning Scale (SFS)for measuring social behavior and relationships, autonomy, employment-occupation and leisure. Raw scoring was used for each subscale and for total score (min. 0-max. 223) with a higher score indicating a better result. All 7 subscales were administered: social engagement/ withdrawal, interpersonal behavior, independence-competence, independence-performance, pro-social activities, recreation and employment/ occupation.
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Time frame: Change from baseline in social functioning scales at 16 weeks
Psychosocial Functioning
The Spanish validation of the Life Skills Profile (LSP)was used. This scale measures functionality in daily life activities such as self-care, social behavior and autonomy. Raw scoring was used for the various subscales which are summarized for the total (min. 39-max. 156) with a higher score indicating a better result. The 5 subscales are: Self-care, Non-turbulence, Social contact, Communication and Responsibility. We used the Spanish validation of the Social Functioning Scale (SFS)for measuring social behavior and relationships, autonomy, employment-occupation and leisure. Raw scoring was used for each subscale and for total score (min. 0-max. 223) with a higher score indicating a better result. All 7 subscales were administered: social engagement/ withdrawal, interpersonal behavior, independence-competence, independence-performance, pro-social activities, recreation and employment/ occupation.
Time frame: Change from baseline in social functioning scales at 40 weeks
Psychiatric Symptoms
The Spanish validation of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used for measuring positive, negative and general symptomatology. Total raw scoring obtained through the sum of the raw scores for each subscale was considered (min. 30-max. 210) with a score of 30 representing an absence of psychiatric symptoms.
Time frame: Change from baseline in psychiatric symptoms scales at 16 weeks
Psychiatric Symptoms
The Spanish validation of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used for measuring positive, negative and general symptomatology. Total raw scoring obtained through the sum of the raw scores for each subscale was considered (min. 30-max. 210) with a score of 30 representing an absence of psychiatric symptoms.
Time frame: Change from baseline in psychiatric symptoms scales at 40 weeks