This randomized phase II trial is evaluating how well imatinib mesylate works compared to rituximab in treating cutaneous sclerosis in patients with chronic graft- versus-host disease (GVHD). Both imatinib and rituximab have been reported to decrease skin thickening and improve skin and joint flexibility in people with cutaneous sclerosis due to chronic GVHD.
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine the best clinical response rate of cutaneous sclerosis (skin and/or fascial thickening) after 6 months of initial therapy with either imatinib (imatinib mesylate) or rituximab. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine the best response at either the 3 or 6 month assessment. II. To determine the response rate at the 3 month assessment. III. To determine the proportion of subjects who are able to taper corticosteroid after 6 months of imatinib or rituximab therapy. IV. To determine the incidence of treatment failure to initial treatment with either imatinib or rituximab. V. To evaluate if the Scleroderma Health Assessment Questionnaire (SHAQ) findings correlate with severity of cutaneous sclerosis clinical findings and response to study treatment. VI. To correlate the detection of antibody against platelet derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFR A) with clinical response. VII. To correlate change in B cell relevant parameters from baseline to 6 months or early crossover (antibody levels, skin collagen expression, B cell subsets) with therapeutic agent and best clinical response while on initial treatment. OUTLINE: Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms. ARM I: Patients receive imatinib mesylate by mouth (PO) once daily (QD) for 6 months in the absence of progression of sclerosis or unacceptable toxicity. Subjects with a significant clinical response will continue to receive study drug for an additional 6 months. ARM II: Patients receive rituximab intravenously (IV) on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 (first cycle). A second cycle of treatment with rituximab is repeated at 3 months for a total of 8 doses of rituximab in the absence of progression of sclerosis or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with progression, treatment intolerance at any time up to 6 months, or no clinical response at 6 months will crossover to the other treatment arm.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
72
Given PO
Given IV
Mayo Clinic in Arizona
Scottsdale, Arizona, United States
Stanford University Hospitals and Clinics
Stanford, California, United States
H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute
Tampa, Florida, United States
Significant Clinical Response
Assessed by decline in an affected area's skin score as measured with the Vienna Skin Scale (from 4 \[worst\] to 2, 3 to 1, or 2 to 0 \[best\]) without a concurrent increase of two or more points in another area OR by an increase in the range of motion of the shoulders, elbows or wrists by two points (in a 1-7 scale where 1 is worst and 7 is best) or of the ankles by one point (in a 1 to 4 scale where 1 is worst and 4 is best) without a concurrent worsening in another area.
Time frame: 6 months
Patients Who Were Able to Taper Corticosteroids
Patients who achieved a greater than or equal to 50% reduction in the daily corticosteroid dose at 6mo compared to baseline
Time frame: 6 months
Cumulative Incidence of Treatment Failure
Defined as discontinuation of randomized treatment due to chronic GVHD progression or treatment intolerance or no significant clinical response in sclerosis.
Time frame: 6 months
Number of Patients Achieving Improvement in Cutaneous Sclerosis
Assessed by decrease of \>= 0.2 units (where 0 is best and 3.0 is worst ) in the Scleroderma Health Assessment Questionnaire (SHAQ).
Time frame: 6 months
Baseline Histopathologic Score in the Two Treatment Arms
Instrument: Nash dermal fibrosis grade. Measures extent of sclerosis in skin biopsies by histologic examination. Scale ranges from grade 0-5. Nash grade 5 is most severe fibrosis (0 is better outcome, 5 is worse outcome). No subscales are used in Nash grade. Please see table 1 in the reference for grading of dermal fibrosis. Nash RA, McSweeney PA, Crofford LJ, Abidi M, Chen CS, Godwin JD, et al. High-dose immunosuppressive therapy and autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for severe systemic sclerosis: long-term follow-up of the US multicenter pilot study. Blood 2007;110:1388-96.
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Washington University School of Medicine
St Louis, Missouri, United States
Roswell Park Cancer Institute
Buffalo, New York, United States
Weill Cornell Medical College
New York, New York, United States
University of North Carolina
Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center
Nashville, Tennessee, United States
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/University of Washington Cancer Consortium
Seattle, Washington, United States
Froedtert and the Medical College of Wisconsin
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
Time frame: Enrollment
Patients With Any Percentage Decline in Any Grade of Sclerosis Without Increase in Percentage of Higher Grades of Sclerosis in Other Areas on the Vienna Skin Scale
Maximum of 10 body areas. Each area can be graded 0 (best) to 4 (worst). Each of those grades requires a percentage of involvement. Improvement is measured by reduction of involvement in any grade and any body area.
Time frame: 6 months
Percentage of CD27+ B Cells in Responders (SCR) and Non-responders
%CD27+ B cells
Time frame: 6 months