Effect of Protein From Animal and Vegetable Sources on Appetite

Arne Astrup48 enrolled

Overview

New Nordic diet guidelines advocate a reduction in consumption of protein from animal sources such as beef and pork, due to environmental concerns. Instead, intake of protein from vegetable sources such as legumes and pulses should be increased. However, little is known about the effect of protein from (Nordic grown) beans and peas on body weight and appetite regulation. The objective of this study is to examine if protein from vegetable sources (beans and peas) is comparable to protein from animal sources regarding acute meal-induced satiety.

Design: Single-blind randomized 3-way crossover meal study Subjects: * 48 young healthy men (Age: 18-50 years; BMI: 19-30 kg/m2). * Expected completers: n=42. End points: * Subjective appetite (VAS) (every 30 min for 3 hours) * Ad libitum energy intake (3 hours after test meal) Experimental diets: Iso-caloric breakfast meals (3.5 MJ) with same energy density: A. Fava beans + Split peas (20 protein E%) B. Fava beans + Split peas + potato (10 protein E%) C. Pork/beef + potato (20 protein E%)

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

PREVENTION

Masking

SINGLE

Enrollment

Conditions

Focus of Study: Appetite

Interventions

Vegetable ProteinOTHER

Vegetable protein in the form of fava beans/split peas

Animal proteinOTHER

Protein in the form of minced pork/beef

Eligibility

Sex: MALEMin age: 18 YearsMax age: 50 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * healthy men * 18-50 y * body mass index (BMI) 18.5-30.0 Exclusion Criteria: * smoking * participation in other studies for 4 mo prior to entry * weight gain/loss \> 3 kg for to mo prior to entry * Strenuous physical activity for \> 10 h/wk * Use of medication that can affect appetite * food allergies or relevance for the test meals * Psychiatric or metabolic disorders prohibiting participation

Locations (1)

Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen

Frederiksberg C, Denmark

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Composite appetite score area under the curve (180 min)

Composite score calculated from 10 cm visual analogue scale ratings: (desire to eat + hunger + prospective food consumption + (100-fullnes) + (100-satiety))/5

Time frame: Assessed every 30 min for 180 min after each of the three test meals which are served 1 wk apart

Ad libitum energy intake

180 min after each test meal an ad libitum meal of spaghetti bolognese is served, and the total energy intake is recorded.

Time frame: Assessed 180 min after each of the 3 test meals, which are served 1 wk apart

Secondary Outcomes

Appetite ratings

Assessment of hunger, fulness, satiety, desire to eat and prospective food consumption from 10 cm visual analogue scale ratings every 30 min after meal consumption for 3 hours.

Time frame: Assessed every 30 min for 180 min after each or the 3 test meals which are served 1 wk apart

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

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