Protein Blends (Soy, Whey and Casein) for Muscle Synthesis

DuPont Nutrition and Health19 enrolled

Overview

Soy protein is a high quality, plant-based protein that is comparable to milk, meat and eggs. Soy protein has a digestion rate (intermediate) compared to whey (fast) and casein (slow). This intermediate rate may allow soy protein to have an extended window of muscle protein synthesis that has not been monitored in previous studies. While most of the sports nutrition "recovery" products are dairy-based protein blends (high in branched-chain amino acids), soy protein offers additional benefits that can make an important contribution to these types of sports nutrition products. Soy protein contains approximately 300% more arginine and 30% more glutamine compared to whey protein and these two amino acids may bring additional benefits (immunity and hydration, respectively) to athletes. A "blend" of high-quality proteins (soy and dairy) may be the optimal sports nutrition product for athletes to consume following training.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Masking

TRIPLE

Enrollment

Conditions

Muscle Synthesis

Interventions

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 18 YearsMax age: 35 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion: 1. Age 18-35 yrs 2. Stable body weight for at least 1 year Exclusion criteria will be: 1. Exercise training (\>2 weekly sessions of moderate to high intensity aerobic or resistance exercise) 2. Significant heart, liver, kidney, blood, or respiratory disease 3. Peripheral vascular disease 4. Diabetes mellitus or other untreated endocrine disease 5. Active cancer (all groups) and history of cancer (groups potentially randomizable to rapamycin) 6. Acute infectious disease or history of chronic infections (e.g. TB, hepatitis, HIV, herpes) 7. Recent (within 6 months) treatment with anabolic steroids, or corticosteroids. 8. Alcohol or drug abuse 9. Tobacco use (smoking or chewing) 10. Malnutrition (BMI \< 20 kg/m2, hypoalbuminemia, and/or hypotransferrinemia) 11. Obesity (BMI \> 30 kg/m2) 12. Low hemoglobin levels (below normal values) 13. Food allergies 14. Taking dietary supplements such as green tea, etc. 15. Currently on a high-soy diet (consuming \>2 servings of soy per day)

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Muscle Protein Synthesis or Fractional synthesis rate (FSR)

The fractional synthesis rate (FSR) of mixed muscle proteins will be calculated from the incorporation rate of L-\[ring-13C6\]Phenylalanine into the mixed muscle proteins, and the free-tissue phenylalanine enrichment.

Time frame: baseline, 3 hours, 5 hours

Secondary Outcomes

oxidative and inflammatory markers

Proteins will be assessed that are markers of oxidative damage and inflammation (NFkB, IL-1, IL-6) and proteolysis (MuRF, MAFBx).

Time frame: baseline, 3 hours, 5 hours

Phosphorylation of protein in muscle protein signaling pathways

Phosphorylation of mTOR, 4E-BP1, S6K1, S6, and eEF2 will be measured using Western blot techniques as previously described.

Time frame: baseline, 3 hours, 5 hours

Protein Blends (Soy, Whey and Casein) for Muscle Synthesis

Overview

Conditions

Interventions

Eligibility

Locations (1)

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Secondary Outcomes