The investigators investigate if combined progressive aerobic training and resistance training improve metabolic control and fat mass in patients with type 2 diabetes who are eating a modified paleolithic diet. The investigators randomize 40 participants to two groups: 1) Modified paleolithic diet and exercise under observation 3 sessions/week, 2) Modified paleolithic diet and general advice about exercise. The investigators primary hypothesis is that in patients with type 2 diabetes decreases fat mass more with progressive exercise under observation and a modified paleolithic diet than with general advice about exercise and a modified paleolithic diet.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
40
Modified paleolithic diet and exercise 3 session/week under observation
Modified paleolithic diet and general advice on exercise
Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine
Umeå, Sweden
Fat mass
Measured with DEXA (dual energy x-ray absorptiometry)
Time frame: Baseline - 12 weeks
Peripheral insulin sensitivity
Measured with euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp
Time frame: Baseline - 12 weeks
Hepatic insulin sensitivity
Measured with euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp
Time frame: Baseline - 12 weeks
Liver fat
Measured with 1H-MRS (proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy)
Time frame: Baseline - 12 weeks
Cortisol turnover
Time frame: Baseline - 12 weeks
Appetite regulation
GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide 1), peptide YY
Time frame: Baseline - 12 weeks
Dopamine 2-receptors in striatum
PET
Time frame: Baseline - 12 weeks
Executive ability and memory
fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging)
Time frame: Baseline - 12 weeks
Experience of training
SCI ESES (Spinal Cord Injury Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale, ABC (Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale), PRETIE-Q (Preference for and Tolerance of the Intensity of Exercise Questionnaire)
Time frame: Baseline - 12 weeks
Validity of energy intake and protein intake
Actiheart®, food diary, weight, nitrogen excretion
Time frame: Baseline - 6 weeks - 12 weeks
Oxygen Uptake
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing
Time frame: Baseline - 12 weeks
Anaerobic Threshold
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing
Time frame: Baseline - 12 weeks
Substrate utilization during submaximal exercise
Measured with indirect calorimetry during ergometer cycling
Time frame: Baseline - 12 weeks
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