This is a prospective, observational, non-drug interventional, non-randomized study to compare the rate of moderate-severe COPD exacerbations in patients of all Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) severities with and without cardiovascular diseases. A total study population of 3330 subjects will be recruited by general practitioners (GPs) and assessed over a 27 month time frame.
COPD is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Comorbid diseases are an important factor in the prognosis and functional capabilities of COPD patients. There is a relationship between cardiac comorbidity and COPD exacerbation frequency within COPD patients. The main objective of this study is to compare the rate of moderate-severe COPD exacerbations in patients of all COPD severities with and without cardiovascular diseases. Secondary objectives will characterize the prevalence, severity and incidence over time of comorbidities and explore the relationships between comorbidities and rate of COPD exacerbations, force expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) decline and quality of life. This will be a prospective, observational, non-drug interventional, non-randomized study that will be carried out in up to 8 European countries. All patients will be enrolled by GP outpatient clinics and data will be collected over 4 visits (screening \[-3 months\], baseline, 12 months post baseline 24 months post baseline) and, additionally by 6 telephone calls (at 3, 6, 9, 15, 18 and 21 months post baseline). The study population will consist of 3330 evaluable patients with diagnosed COPD of any severity grade with and without comorbidities. Subjective and objective data on pre-defined comorbidities will be collected and analyzed.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
3,500
Assessment of lung function by spirometry
Frequency of COPD Exacerbation
COPD exacerbations (moderate-severe severity), defined as a worsening of symptoms that require oral corticosteroids or antibiotics or hospitalization, or any combination of these.
Time frame: From 15 months pre-baseline to 24 months post-baseline.
Presence and severity of cardiovascular disease.
The presence and severity pre-defined cardiovascular diseases.
Time frame: From 3 months pre-baseline to 24 months post-baseline.
Presence and severity of other comorbidities
The presence and severity of pre-defined comorbidities (depression/anxiety, diabetes with and without target organ disease, sleep apnoea syndrome, gastroesophageal reflux, hypercholesterolemia, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, inflammatory bowel disease, peptic ulcer, other treated comorbidities) .
Time frame: Up to 24 months post baseline.
Spirometry
Post-bronchodilator FEV1 and forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC ratio and FEV1 % of predicted.
Time frame: Up to 24 months post baseline.
Health status
As determined by COPD Assessment Test (CAT), EuroQOL Five Dimensions Questionnaire (EQ-5D), Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Frequency Scale for the Symptoms of Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (FSSG).
Time frame: Up to 24 months post baseline.
Dyspnoea
As determined by the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale.
Time frame: Up to 24 months post baseline.
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GSK Investigational Site
Leuven, Belgium
GSK Investigational Site
Angers, France
GSK Investigational Site
Angers, France
GSK Investigational Site
Angers, France
GSK Investigational Site
Aumetz, France
GSK Investigational Site
Béziers, France
GSK Investigational Site
Blois, France
GSK Investigational Site
Bono, France
GSK Investigational Site
Bordeaux, France
GSK Investigational Site
Bouliac, France
...and 223 more locations
Number of Deaths
Patients who die during the study, including the reason for death, where known.
Time frame: up to 24 months post baseline.
Healthcare Utilisation
Number of unscheduled GP contacts and Hospitalisations
Time frame: Up to 24 months post baseline.
Blood Chemistry
Including glucose; Haemoglobin A1C (HbA1c); low density lipoprotein (LDL-c), High density lipoprotein (HDL-c), Total cholesterol; triglycerides, prohormone natriuretic peptide (pro-BNP); high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP); protein; full blood count
Time frame: Up to 24 months post baseline.
Electrocardiogram
Assessment of normal or abnormal readings. Qualitative description and QT interval.
Time frame: Up to 24 months post baseline.
Bone fractures
The number and location of bone fractures.
Time frame: Within 12 months prior to baseline and up to 24 months post baseline