The investigators hypothesize that continuously measuring stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (CO) will 1) reveal hemodynamic instability in a timely manner and alert the physician promptly, 2) provide information for the physician to make the differential diagnosis as to whether the hemodynamic instability was due to vasodilatation or reduction of venous blood return, and 3) lead to appropriate and prompt treatment to improve patient outcome. -determine the SV and CO and their kinetic change using ICON® to establish a hemodynamic profile of the patient under spinal anesthesia for cesarean section. To determine if using instantaneous measurements of SV and CO to guide patient management improves hemodynamic stability.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
DIAGNOSTIC
Masking
SINGLE
Non-invasive cardiac output monitoring using thoracic electric bioimpedance analysis via ICON® in addition of the standard monitoring during cesarean section.
Data obtained from the non-invasive cardiac output monitor,ICON®, are not available for the anesthesia care providers.
Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Maximum percentage changes in mean blood pressure after spinal anesthesia
Time frame: baseline before spinal anesthesia and up to 20 minutes after spinal anesthesia
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