Apolipoprotein (APO)E Genotype, Meal Fatty Acids, Postprandial Lipaemia

University of Reading31 enrolled

Overview

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the greatest cause of morbidity and mortality in the UK. Abnormalities in the concentration and/or composition of lipoproteins (the lipid carrying particles), in particular low density lipoproteins (LDL) in circulation, is one of the most important physiological defects contributing to the development of CVD. The LDL cholesterol (LDLC) response to fatty acid change is in part mediated by the APOE genotype, with E4 individuals (25% of the UK population) being most responsive to changes in dietary fats, showing greater reductions when low levels of saturated fats or fish oils are consumed and greater increases when high levels of these fats are consumed. Therefore the aims of the present study is to understand the mechanism that regulates the higher LDLC response associated with saturated fatty acids and fish oil consumption in healthy men prospectively recruited based on their APOE genotype.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

PREVENTION

Masking

SINGLE

Enrollment

Conditions

Cardiovascular Disease

Interventions

Volunteers consumed a single test meal breakfast containing 53 g of fat, of which 50 g was substituted for saturated fats.

Saturated fatty acids and fish oil mealDIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Volunteers consumed a single test meal breakfast containing 53 g of fat, of which 50 g was substituted for saturated fats and fish oil. The dose of fish oils was equivalent to two portions of oily fish.

High unsaturated fat mealDIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Volunteers consumed a single test meal breakfast containing 53 g of fat, of which 50 g was substituted for unsaturated fats. It provided a fatty acid profile representative of a typical UK diet.

Eligibility

Sex: MALEMin age: 18 YearsMax age: 70 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Gender Male * Age 18-70 years * Body Mass Index (BMI) \< 32 kg/m2 * Plasma triglycerides 1-4 mmol/l * Plasma cholesterol \< 8 mmol/l * Glucose \< 7 mmol/l * Haemoglobin \> 11 g/dl * ApoE E3/E3, E3/E4 Exclusion Criteria: * Blood pressure \> 200/95 mmHg * Had suffered a myocardial infraction or stroke in previous 2 years. * Diabetes mellitus * Liver disease * Other endocrine disorders * Unstable angina * Familial hyperlipidaemia * Any dietary restrictions or an a weight reducing diet * On fatty acid supplements e.g. evening primrose oil or fish oils * Vigorous exercise e.g. competitive athletes * ApoE2/E2, apoE2/E3 and apoE2/E4 * Any other parameter on which the investigators felt an individual was unsuitable

Locations (1)

Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading

Reading, United Kingdom

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Impact of APOE genotype and dietary fat composition in plasma lipids

Time frame: 3 months

Secondary Outcomes

Cardiovascular disease risk factors

Time frame: 3 months

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

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