Stem Cell Injection to Treat Heart Damage During Open Heart Surgery

* INCLUSION CRITERIA * Consenting adult patients (male or female, aged above 18 and less than or equal to 85), and * Plans to undergo CABG or TMR at the NIH Heart Center at Suburban Hospital and are willing to participate. * Must meet indications for CABG or TMR: * Indications for CABG (31) 1. Significant left main coronary artery stenosis (\> 50% reduction in lumen diameter). 2. Left main equivalent: significant (greater than or equal to70%) stenosis of proximal LAD and proximal left circumflex artery. 3. Three-vessel disease (stenosis of 50% or more in all 3 major coronary territories). (Survival benefit is greater when LVEF is \<0.50.) 4. Two-vessel disease with significant proximal LAD stenosis and either EF \<0.50 or demonstrable ischemia on noninvasive testing. 5. One- or 2-vessel coronary artery disease without significant proximal LAD stenosis, but with a large area of viable myocardium and high-risk criteria on noninvasive testing. \- Indications for TMR (32, 33). 1. Canadian Cardiovascular Class III or IV angina that is refractory to maximal medical therapy. 2. Reversible ischemia of the left ventricular free wall and coronary artery disease corresponding to the regions of myocardial ischemia. 3. In all regions of the myocardium, the coronary disease must not be amenable to coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), due to: i. severe diffuse disease, ii. lack of suitable targets for complete revascularization, iii. lack of suitable conduits for complete revascularization \- Stable Angina. Patient?s clinical state has to be stable to receive surgical treatment. Patients must have received or currently receiving standard of care medical therapy(33) for at least 4 weeks prior to enrollment, to include: 1. Aspirin in the absence of contraindications in patients with prior MI 2. Beta-blockers as initial therapy in the absence of contraindications in patients with prior MI. 3. Lipid-lowering therapy in patients with documented CAD and LDL cholesterol greater than 130 mg/dL, with a target LDL of less than 100 mg/dL 4. ACE inhibitor in patients with CAD (considered significant by angiography or previous MI) who also have diabetes and/or left ventricular systolic dysfunction. * Three-vessel CAD. Multi-vessel diffuse coronary artery disease not amenable to percutaneous coronary intervention. * LV EF less than or equal to 50% by by MRI or Echocardiogram. The left ventricle ejection fraction less than 50% evidenced the diagnosis of heart failure indicating global weakness of myocardial contractility and leaves space for functional improvement. * Evidence of hypokinetic segment. Regional wall motion abnormality which includes regional low/no motion, or motion in opposite direction, is a good indication for invasive intervention and can be well-compared before and after treatment. * Laboratory tests showed no evidence of major organ dysfunction, bleeding disorder, or infectious diseases. Patients must have organ and marrow function as defined below: i. Leukocytes greater than or equal to 2,500/mcL ii. Lymphocytes greater than or equal to 800/mcL iii. Platelets greater than or equal to 100,000/mcL iv. Total Bilirubin less than or equal to 2mg/dL v. AST (SGOT)/ALT (SGPT) less than or equal 1.5 times institutional upper limit of normal (ULN) vi. Creatinine less than or equal to institutional upper limit of normal (ULN) * Must be willing to participate in 10-CC-0053 to obtain autologous bone marrow. * Patients must understand and sign an informed consent document that explains the nature of his/her cardiac disease, the procedures to be followed, the experimental nature of the treatment, alternative treatments, and potential risks and toxicities. EXCLUSION CRITERIA * Patients who have the following conditions will be excluded from the study: * Acute MI. Less than three months after recent acute myocardial infarction. * Unstable angina. Excluded due to the propensity to deteriorate into AMI. * Bleeding disorder, including history of familial hemophilia, signs and symptoms of easy bruising, petechiae, or platelet count \< 80,000 cells/mcL. This disorder may unnecessarily complicate the operative procedure and postoperative recovery. * Severe respiratory disorder, including acute asthma, chronic bronchitis, severe chronic obstructive lung disease. A disorder that would complicate the operative procedure and postoperative recovery. * Unable to provide informed consent on this study or on 10-CC-0053. * Unable to wait 3 weeks for surgery, which is the waiting period for ex-vivo cell expansion. * Reactive for anti-HIV, Hepatitis B surface antigen, anti-HCV or nucleic acid testing for HIV, Hepatitis B and C. An investigational component accompanying this major surgical procedure in the presence of infection has the potential to increase risk of complications, and manufacturing contaminated products risks contaminating other cellular products in CPS. * Pregnant or lactating females, due to the highly investigational nature of this study and its unknown effects on a developing fetus. * Allergic to Gentamicin.