ENLIGHTEN: Exercise and NutritionaL Interventions for coGnitive and Cardiovascular HealTh ENhancement

Inclusion Criteria: * Age 55 years or older * Sedentary * Score of 19-25 on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Battery or verbal fluency score of =\< 12 or animal fluency score of =\<15 * At least one cardiovascular risk factor (hypertension, diabetes, cholesterol, obesity, current smoking, or family history) or a documented history of cardiac disease (myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass grafting, peripheral vascular disease, \>70% stenosis, or mild stroke without residual deficit) Exclusion Criteria: * Any significant neurological disease other than CIND, such as Parkinson's disease, multi-infarct dementia, Huntington' s disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, brain tumor, normal pressure hydrocephalus, subdural hematoma, seizure disorder, multiple sclerosis, or history of head trauma with persistent neurological deficits * Psychotic disorder within the past two years (DSM IV criteria) or acutely suicidal * History of alcohol or substance abuse or dependence within the past two years (DSM IV criteria) * History of schizophrenia * Any significant systemic illness or unstable medical condition that could lead to difficulty in complying with the protocol including a history of systemic cancer within the past 5 years (nonmetastatic skin cancers are acceptable) * Myocardial infarction (within the past 3 months) or unstable or severe congestive heart failure (e.g. class III-IV heart failure) * End-stage pulmonary disease; uncontrolled diabetes mellitus or uncontrolled hypertension(systolic BP\>170 or diastolic BP \>100 mm Hg on medication) * Musculoskeletal disorders precluding the ability to exercise (e.g. severe arthritis)