Enteral Glutamine in Reducing Bloodstream Infections in Short Bowel Syndrome Infants

Inclusion Criteria for Controls: * Less than or equal to 12 months of age * Normal small bowel length without any intestinal resection or primary intestinal disease * Not currently on Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) and if ever on TPN this should have been discontinued for at least 4 weeks. Exclusion Criteria for Controls: * Major congenital or chromosomal anomalies * Inability to tolerate enteral nutrition/regular cow's milk, breast milk or formula * History of liver/intestinal transplantation Inclusion Criteria for Glutamine and Placebo Group of Short Bowel Syndrome (SBS) Patients: * Less than or equal to 12 months of age * Patients who have undergone small bowel resection due to necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) or intestinal atresia with known small bowel length * Patients who have been Parenteral Nutrition (PN) dependent for more than 42 consecutive days and currently on TPN at time of enrollment * Patients who have the ability to take partial enteral nutrition or breast milk or elemental formula to allow the appropriate dose of glutamine or placebo * Signed informed consent for the use of Glutamine or placebo Exclusion Criteria for Glutamine and Placebo Group of SBS Patients: * Major congenital or chromosomal anomalies * Inability to tolerate enteral nutrition that will preclude treatment with enteral Glutamine or L-alanine placebo for \> 2 weeks * Liver/Intestinal transplantation