The prevalence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) respiratory infection in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) has increased dramatically over the last decade. Evidence suggests that persistent infection with MRSA may result in an increased rate of decline in Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV)1 and shortened survival. Currently there are no conclusive studies demonstrating an effective aggressive treatment protocol for persistent MRSA respiratory infection in CF. Data demonstrating an effective and safe method of clearing persistent MRSA infection are needed. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a 28-day course of vancomycin for inhalation, 250 mg twice a day, (in combination with oral antibiotics) in eliminating MRSA from the respiratory tract of individuals with CF and persistent MRSA infection. Subjects will be assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either vancomycin for inhalation (250 mg twice a day) or taste matched placebo and will be followed for 3 additional months. In addition, both groups will receive oral rifampin, a second oral antibiotic (TMP-SMX or doxycycline, protocol determined), mupirocin intranasal cream and chlorhexidine body washes. Forty patients with persistent respiratory tract MRSA infection will be enrolled in this trial.
Primary Objectives The primary objectives of this trial are to: 1. Determine the efficacy of an aggressive treatment protocol in eradicating persistent MRSA infection in individuals with CF. 2. Determine the safety of an aggressive treatment protocol in eradicating persistent MRSA infection in individuals with CF. Secondary Objectives The secondary objectives of this trial are to: 1. Determine the efficacy of an aggressive treatment protocol in improving Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV)1, time to exacerbation, and quality of life in individuals with CF and persistent MRSA infection. 2. Determine if there is benefit to adding nebulized vancomycin to an aggressive oral antibiotic treatment protocol in eradicating persistent MRSA infection in individuals with CF.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Enrollment
29
On Days 1-28, subjects will receive nebulized Vancomycin. This will be supplied as a 250 mg solution to be nebulized two times a day for 28 days in 5cc sterile water. Patients will use a Pari Sprint nebulizer and Pari Vios compressor as the delivery system.
On Days 1-28, subjects will receive 5cc of a nebulized Placebo (Sterile water) twice a day. This is a taste (quinine 0.1mg/mL) matched nebulized placebo (sterile water). Patients will use a Pari Sprint nebulizer and Pari Vios compressor as the delivery system.
Oral Rifampin by mouth for 28 days 1. \>45 kg: 600 mg by mouth daily 2. 35-45 kg : 450 mg by mouth daily 3. 25-34.9 kg: 300 mg by mouth daily
Oral trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (DS-160/800) 1. \>45 kg: two DS tablets twice a day by mouth (320/1600) 2. 25-45 kg: one DS tablet twice a day by mouth (160/800)
If sulfa intolerant or TMP/SMX Resistant, use instead oral doxycycline 1. \>45 kg: 100 mg by mouth twice a day 2. 35-45 kg : 75 mg by mouth twice a day iii. 25-34.9 kg: 50 mg by mouth twice a day
Mupirocin 2% intranasal creme: half of single use tube applied into each nostril twice a day for 5 days.
Hibiclens 15cc liquid skin cleanser packets (4% chlorhexidine gluconate): use three packets once weekly for four weeks in the shower from the neck to toes, with attention on the axilla, groin, and buttocks.
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Baltimore, Maryland, United States
Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital
Cleveland, Ohio, United States
Number of Patients MRSA Free by Induced Sputum Respiratory Tract Culture
The hypothesis for our primary outcome is that the aggressive treatment arm will result in significantly greater eradication of persistent MRSA from the respiratory tract of CF adolescents and adults on day 58 (1 month after completion of therapy) compared to the placebo/standard treatment arm. Our primary outcome will be comparing the proportion of CF patients in the treatment arm who have a negative induced sputum MRSA culture at Day 58 to the proportion of patients in the placebo arm who have a negative induced sputum MRSA culture at Day 58.
Time frame: Day 58 (Visit 5), approximately 1 month after completion of the MRSA treatment protocol
Percentage of Patients MRSA Free by Induced Sputum Respiratory Tract Culture
Percentage of patients MRSA free by induced sputum respiratory tract culture one day after completion of four-week eradication protocol (Day 29) in intervention arm vs standard treatment arm
Time frame: Day 29
Change in Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV1)% Predicted From Baseline to Day 58
Change in Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV1)% predicted from baseline to day number 58
Time frame: Baseline, Day 58
Time to First CF Exacerbation
Time to First CF Exacerbation using a standardized exacerbation definition from Day 1 to Day 118
Time frame: Day 1 to Day 118
Total Number of Pulmonary Exacerbations
Total Number of Pulmonary Exacerbations using a standardized exacerbation definition at Days 58 and Days 118 in treatment vs. standard care group
Time frame: Days 58 and 118
Change if FEV1% Predicted From Screening
Change in FEV1% predicted from Screening at Days 29, 58, and 118 in treatment vs. standard care group
Time frame: Days 29, 58, and 118
Change in Patient Reported Quality of Life (CFQ-R)(Respiratory)
Change in Patient Reported Quality of Life (CFQ-R)(respiratory) from baseline to Days 29 and 58. CFQ-R stands for Cystic Fibrosis Quality of Life Measure, Respiratory Domain. Overall range of absolute score 0 to +80. Higher score means better quality of life. Positive change in score means improvement in quality of life. Minimally clinically significant difference: +/- 4.0 units.
Time frame: Days 29 and 58
Development of Antibiotic Resistance
Number of patients with newly developed MRSA resistance to vancomycin, TMP/SMX, doxycycline, or rifampin.
Time frame: Day 58 (Visit 5)
Time to First Anti-MRSA Antibiotics (After Treatment Period)
Time between completion of Study Drug and need for anti-MRSA antibiotics to control or treat symptoms
Time frame: Completion of Study Drug to Day 118
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