The primary aim of this work is, to 'relate psychological and behavioural parameters of hunger/satiety and food preference to gut hormones, neural activation and energy metabolism by dietary manipulation, across the human lifespan'.
The Full4Health project aims to further understanding of the mechanisms of hunger and satiety. The proposal integrates investigation of human volunteers and laboratory rodents throughout the life course, applying imaging and other cutting edge technologies to critical research questions. Full4Health will combine study of the mechanisms of hunger and satiety with intervention studies to validate the effects of the relevant food characteristics on the regulation of satiety/hunger. The development of cerebral responses to food through the gut-brain axis across lifespan particularly during childhood, adolescence and elderly will be studied.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Enrollment
718
Participants (male and female, lean and obese, children, teenagers, adults, and elderly) will take part in 4 morning sessions, consuming a test breakfast milk based beverage and appetite. Biomarkers in blood will be measured and behavioural questionnaires completed. We will also collect a single saliva sample from each participant to examine genetic traits related to appetite, food choice, body weight, and energy expenditure. There will be two milk based beverages, one protein enriched (30% protein from calories) and one normal protein (15% protein). Participants will be offered a morning snack buffet to assess ad libitum energy intake. Phase 1 will also include a subgroup of malnourished male and female elderly participants. However, this group will only complete two morning sessions during which they will consume a low protein and a high protein milk based beverage. Appetite will be recorded and libitum energy intake will be measured. In addition, 24hr energy intake will be recorded.
We will fMRI scan normal weight and overweight subjects of both gender from the four different age groups only: 8-10, 13-17, 24-45 and 65-75 years. Participants will be measured twice, on separate days, either after an overnight fast or after a test meal, fed to satiation (because hunger will modulate the response to food presentation). The participants will conduct a computerised task that will be performed in the scanner to assess hedonic responses to food cues. Physiological biomarkers will be measured during both trials for the assessment of appetite hormone circulation. Saliva samples will be taken for DNA analysis. DNA extraction techniques will be used to examine genetic traits linked to appetite, food choice, body weight, and energy expenditure.
Harokopia Univeristy
Athens, Greece
University Medical Center Utrecht
Utrecht, Netherlands
The Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen
Aberdeen, Aberdeenshire, United Kingdom
Changes in concentrations of biomarkers of appetite in response to each milk-based beverage
The following blood-borne biomarkers of appetite will be measured: * Glucose * Total cholesterol * Triglycerides * Low density lipoprotein * High density lipoprotein * Insulin * Ghrelin (active) * Glucagon-like peptide-1 (active) * Peptide YY (total) * Leptin
Time frame: During each of the four 'Breakfast Study' visits blood will be taken at baseline, and 30, 60, and 120 minutes after consuming the milk-based beverage. Each visit will be seperated by one week.
Neural responses to images of food when fasted and after consuming a milk-based beverage
The subjects will conduct a computerised task that will be performed in the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanner. Subjects will be measured twice, on separate days, either after an overnight fast or after a test meal fed to satiation.
Time frame: There will be one week between both conditions (fasted and fed)
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