miRNAs and mRNAs in Psoriasis

Overview

PURPOSE - The purpose of this study is to identify and determine miRNA expression and their targets before and during biological treatment of psoriatic patients. HYPOTHESIS - Changes in the expression of specific miRNAs play an important role for the cytokine expression profile seen in lesional psoriatic skin. miRNAs may therefore serve as a potential target for future anti-psoriatic treatment as well as possible predictors of biological treatment response. PERSPECTIVES - The results from this novel research project will increase the investigators understanding of the underlying mechanisms leading to psoriasis. Furthermore it is possible that predictors of treatment response can be identified. Identification of biomarkers predicting treatment outcome will individualize patient care, reduce number of treatment failures and thereby have a tremendous socio-economic impact and increase the patients quality of life.

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting 2-3% of the population worldwide and having tremendously impact on the patients' quality of life. Progress has been made in the understanding of the cellular immunology and biology of psoriasis, but the ultimate cause for psoriasis is still unknown. miRNA are \~22 nt noncoding RNAs that modulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. miRNAs have regulatory roles in development, differentiation, growth control and apoptosis. AIM OF PROJECT: To identify psoriasis specific miRNA. To investigate the differences in miRNA expression and their targets between lesional and non-lesional psoriatic skin. To investigate changes in the miRNA expression during biological treatment. METHODS: Patients included are adults (\> 18 years) with psoriasis vulgaris who are going to be treated with biological drugs independent of this project (according to national guidelines). A signed informed consent will be obtained before patients are included in the project. Patients are not allowed to have received local treatment 2 weeks before inclusion or having had any systemic treatment including UVB 6 weeks before inclusion. 4 mm punch-biopsies from lesional and non-lesional psoriatic skin will be obtained using a local anaesthetic containing 1% Lidocaine at day 0 and up to four times after treatment at the following days 4, 14, 28 or 84. Before and during treatment patients will be monitored with a clinical score including PASI, BSA and PGA. Clinical evaluation will be conducted by a trained dermatologist at day 0 and day 84. That allows us to compare clinical changes to findings obtained during this study. miRNA and mRNA expression will be analysis with quantitativePCR, protein level with ELISA and cell proliferation will be measure by a standard cell proliferation assay. miRNA microarray are commercially available and will be used to identify miRNA of interest. NOVELTY: Changes in the expression of miRNA in psoriasis and miRNA regulation during treatment of psoriasis have only been sparsely studied. The results from this research project will therefore increase our understanding of the underlying mechanisms leading to psoriasis and may generate important new tools for individualised treatment of psoriasis.