Imaging Correlates of Renal Cell Carcinoma Biological Features

Inclusion Criteria: * ≥ 18 years of age (no upper age limit) * Informed consent obtained and signed * Clinically suspected RCC based on imaging performed prior to enrollment * Planned nephrectomy schedule that can accommodate a MR-FDG-PET scan within 4 weeks prior to surgery * Willing to undergo gadolinium enhanced MRI with simultaneous acquisition of FDG-PET uptake by the tumor within 4 weeks prior to nephrectomy * Willing to consent for genetic and proteomic analysis of tumor and germline nucleic acids * Women of childbearing potential must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test performed within 7 days prior to FDG-PET-MRI * Breast feeding women cannot do so for 24 hours after FDG injection * Patient is willing to fast for 4 hours, including avoiding any sugar-containing drinks. * Patient is willing to drink at least 32 ounces of water (or other no-sugar-containing fluids) within 4 hours prior to arriving for scans. Exclusion Criteria: * History of severe reaction to gadolinium-enhanced MRI * Poorly controlled diabetes mellitus * Inability to tolerate PET and/or MRI * Presence of pacemaker or intracranial aneurysm clip * GFR \< 30mL/min as measured via Cockcroft-Gault equation * Inability to lie flat for \>1 hour * Pregnant female * History of a prior malignancy within past 5 years are excluded unless they have been disease free for 3 or more years or unless they have a completely resected non-melanoma skin cancer, low risk prostate cancer, or other low risk tumor history at the discretion of the investigator. * Substance abuse, medical, psychological, or social conditions that may interfere with the patient's participation in the study