Encapsulated Calcium Absorption in Pregnancy

Inclusion Criteria: * Women aged 18 to 30 years * Current residence in Dhaka at a fixed address * Plan to remain in Dhaka for at least 2 months from date of enrolment * Gestational age of 27 completed weeks ± 1 week, estimated based on the recalled first day of the last menstrual period (LMP) Exclusion Criteria: * Complicated medical or obstetric history, based on self-report or clinical assessment by physician (e.g., cardiovascular disease, uterine hemorrhage, placenta previa, threatened abortion, hypertension, preeclampsia, multiple gestation, diabetes, renal disease) * Higher risk pregnancy based on one or more of the following clinical findings at time of recruitment: * Severe anemia (hemoglobin \<70 g/L assessed by Hemocue) * Proteinuria (≥ 100 mg/dl based on urine dipstick) * Glycosuria (≥ 100 mg/dl based on urine dipstick) * Hypertension (systolic blood pressure, ≥140 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg) * Reported use of dietary supplements that contain \>500 mg of calcium per day and/or \>400 IU (10 mcg) of vitamin D per day * Reported use (chewing) of betel leaf, areca nut and lime (together referred to locally as paan) during pregnancy