This study designed for compare efficacy of following two anesthetic method for transnasal endoscopy * "Catheter-free method" * "Catheter-insertion method"
1. Check of the medical history (both method) 1. underlying systemic disease 2. drug allergy 3. anticoagulant or antiplatelet use 2. Premedication (both method) 1. taking premedication contain dimethylpolysiloxane, pronase, sodium bicarbonate for improved endoscopic visualization 2. spraying naphazolin acetate into nasal cavity for decrease secretion 3. Different anesthetic method for transnasal endoscopy 1. "Catheter-free method" : spraying epinephrine into nasal cavity 2. "Catheter-insertion method" : spraying both epinephrine and lidocaine into nasal cavity
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
100
Catheter-free method : The patient then takes simethicone (10cc). After that, the nasal cavity is sprayed with epinephrine (1cc) and lidocaine HCL (4%, 4cc). Catheter inesertion method: After preparation steps the same as in the 'catheter-free' method, a 14 Fr. flexible catheter is coated with 2% lidocaine HCL gel and 8% lidocaine HCL spray. After that, the catheter is inserted into the patient's nasal cavity, and maintained about 1 minute for anesthesia. A 16 Fr. catheter is prepared by the same method with as the 14Fr. catheter. After the 14 Fr. cathter has been removed from the patient's nasal cavity, the 16 Fr. catheter is inserted into the patient's nasal cavity.
Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital
Chuncheon, South Korea
Success Rate of Transnasal Endoscopy
We difine the success of transnasal endoscopy as follows: the pateint underwent transnasal endoscopy without signicant complaint nor side effects. We difine the failure of transnasal endoscopy as follows: the patient cannot tolerate insertion of the endoscope; the patient presents side effects such as epistaxis, pain, or a decrease in O2 saturation; and the endoscope cannot pass through the nasal or oral cavity.
Time frame: During transnasal endoscopy, up to 1 hours
Vital Signs
Blood pressure, heart rate, and O2 saturation were assessed.
Time frame: before, during, and after transnasal endoscopy
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