Neurophysiologic Correlates of Hypersomnia

N/ACompletedNCT01719315

University of Wisconsin, Madison76 enrolled

Overview

The goal of this project is to examine the neurophysiology of hypersomnia during sleep and wakefulness, to identify biomarkers for excessive sleepiness in neuropsychiatric disorders, and pilot acoustical slow wave induction during sleep in patients with hypersomnolence, to determine if this decreases daytime sleepiness in these patients. The primary study hypotheses are that individuals with hypersomnolence will have reduced slow wave activity (SWA) during sleep and increased waking theta/alpha activity during wake in specific brain regions. A secondary hypothesis is that acoustical slow wave induction in hypersomnolent patients will increase SWA during sleep, reduce theta/alpha activity during wake, and improve subjective sleepiness.

Study Type

OBSERVATIONAL

Enrollment

Conditions

Major Depressive Disorder Primary Hypersomnia Bipolar Disorder Narcolepsy Primary Insomnia

Interventions

Brief tones (50 millisecond duration) at a frequency of 0.8 and 2 Hz, a rate that approximates the natural cellular oscillations of cortical neurons during sleep, will be played in blocks of 15-20 during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. Blocks of active acoustic slow wave induction will be followed by blocks of equal duration without induction, in order to make comparisons between stimulation periods (ON) and no stimulation periods (OFF). Tone intensity will be manually adjusted so as to be above an individual participant's auditory threshold during waking, but still quiet enough as not to awaken the subject from sleep. Sham slow wave induction will consist of auditory tones played prior to sleep, and during sleep of insufficient timing and intensity to alter slow wave activity.

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 18 YearsMax age: 60 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Meet Diagnostic and Statistical Manual edition IV criteria for neuropsychiatric disorders enumerated in study population description Exclusion Criteria: Exclusionary criteria for all subjects will include: evidence of a clinically significant sleep disorder that would cause hypersomnolence (e.g. moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome, shift-work sleep disorder), history of significant head trauma or loss of consciousness \> 30 minutes; current smoking of more than 15 cigarettes per day; \>3 caffeinated beverages per day; significant neurologic or medical illness; active drug/alcohol abuse/dependence (within 6 months of enrollment), women who are pregnant, \<6 months post-partum, nursing or planning to become pregnant during the study; left-handedness (due to effects on sleep topography); and imminent risk for self-harm or suicide.

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Nocturnal Slow Wave Activity

EEG recordings during sleep will be analyzed to assess slow wave activity in the 1-4.5Hz range.

Time frame: Individual nights of sleep recorded within an average of 4 weeks of enrollment

Secondary Outcomes

Waking theta/alpha activity

Waking EEG activity across the 1-12Hz range will be analyzed.

Time frame: Individual days of waking EEG will be recorded within an average of 4 weeks of enrollment