The purpose of the present investigation is to compare the responses and adaptations of young and elderly individuals to repeated eccentric exercise in regards to muscle function and redox homeostasis in a side-by-side comparison.
Despite the progress of analytic techniques and the refinement of study designs, striking disagreement exists among studies regarding the influence of exercise on muscle function and redox homeostasis in the elderly. A specific exercise protocol will be applied (the repeated eccentric model) to produce long-lasting and extensive changes in redox biomarkers and to examine more easily the potential effects of aging. Ten young men and ten elderly men will underwent an isokinetic eccentric exercise session, which will be repeated after three weeks. Muscle function indices and redox biomarkers will be assessed in urine, plasma or erythrocytes pre exercise, immediately post exercise, 2 and 4 days post exercise.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
20
Participants will perform two isokinetic eccentric exercise bouts
European University Cyprus
Nicosia, Cyprus
Muscle torque (torque)
Time frame: Change in muscle torque from baseline (pre-exercise) at immediately after exercise and at day 2 and day 4 post-exercise
Range of motion, ROM (degrees)
Time frame: Change in ROM from baseline (pre-exercise) at immediately after exercise and at day 2 and day 4 post-exercise
Delayed onset muscle soreness, DOMS (scale 1-10)
Time frame: Change in DOMS from baseline (pre-exercise) at immediately after exercise and at day 2 and day 4 post-exercise
Creatine kinase, CK (activity IU)
Time frame: Change in CK from baseline (pre-exercise) at immediately after exercise and at day 2 and day 4 post-exercise
F2-isoprostanes (pg/mg creatinine)
Time frame: Change in F2-isoprostanes from baseline (pre-exercise) at immediately after exercise and at day 2 and day 4 post-exercise
Protein carbonyls (nmol/mg protein)
Time frame: Change in F2-isoprostanes from baseline (pre-exercise) at immediately after exercise and at day 2 and day 4 post-exercise
Glutathione, GSH (μmol/g Hb)
Time frame: Change in GSH from baseline (pre-exercise) at immediately after exercise and at day 2 and day 4 post-exercise
Catalase (U/g Hb)
Time frame: Change in catalase from baseline (pre-exercise) at immediately after exercise and at day 2 and day 4 post-exercise
Superoxide dismutase, SOD (U/g Hb)
Time frame: Change in SOD from baseline (pre-exercise) at immediately after exercise and at day 2 and day 4 post-exercise
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Glutathione peroxidase, GPx (U/g Hb)
Time frame: Change in GPx from baseline (pre-exercise) at immediately after exercise and at day 2 and day 4 post-exercise
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, G6PD (U/g Hb)
Time frame: Change in G6PD from baseline (pre-exercise) at immediately after exercise and at day 2 and day 4 post-exercise
Uric acid (mM)
Time frame: Change in uric acid from baseline (pre-exercise) at immediately after exercise and at day 2 and day 4 post-exercise
Albumin (μM)
Time frame: Change in albumin from baseline (pre-exercise) at immediately after exercise and at day 2 and day 4 post-exercise
Bilirubin (μM)
Time frame: Change in bilirubin from baseline (pre-exercise) at immediately after exercise and at day 2 and day 4 post-exercise