This study assessed the safety and immunogenicity of Takeda's Tetravalent Dengue Vaccine Candidate (TDV) previously referred to as DENVax of various dosing schedules via subcutaneous (SC) or intramuscular (IM) administration with needle/syringe or needle-free injector (PharmaJet Stratis™).
The vaccine tested in this study was TDV. TDV was tested to assess safety and immunogenicity of various dosing schedules, routes of administration, and delivery methods in healthy flavivirus-seronegative adults living in a dengue non-endemic country. The study enrolled 80 participants. Participants were randomly assigned to one of the five treatment groups: * Group 1: TDV SC injection on Day 0 in each arm using needle/syringe * Group 2: TDV IM injection on Day 0 in each arm using needle/syringe * Group3: TDV IM injection on Days 0 and 90 using needle/syringe * Group 4: TDV SC on Day 0 in each arm using the PharmaJet Stratis™ device * Group 5: TDV IM on Day 0 in each arm using the PharmaJet Stratis™ device This single-center trial was conducted in the United States. The overall time to participate in this study was up to 5 months. Participants made multiple visits to the clinic including a final visit at Day 120 for a safety follow-up assessment. This work was supported by the US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command under Contract No. W81XWH-12-C-0278. The views, opinions and/or findings contained in this report are those of the author(s) and should not be construed as an official Department of the Army position, policy or decision unless so designated by other documentation.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
80
TDV IM or SC injection
SUNY Upstate Medical University
Syracuse, New York, United States
Number of Participants With Solicited Local (Injection Site) Reactions Following Either Vaccine Administration (Day 0 or Day 90) by Maximum Severity as Assessed by the Investigator
Injection site reactions were evaluated by the investigator within 14 days following each injection. Erythema (redness), edema (swelling/induration) and pain were graded per The FDA Guidance for Industry: Toxicity Grading Scale for Healthy Adult and Adolescent Volunteers Enrolled in Preventive Vaccine Clinical Trials. Pain was graded from 0=None to 4=Life-threatening. Erythema and Edema longest diameter were graded using the scale: 0=\<2.5 centimeters (cm) to 3=Severe: \>10 cm. Itching was graded using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) 4.03 where: Grade 0=no itching to Grade 3=severe. Injection site reactions are presented as the number of participants experiencing a reaction, by reaction type, overall and by severity, using the participant's worst reported severity grade. Only categories for which there was at least 1 participant are reported. Group 3 participants received 2 doses 90 days apart; injection site reactions following either vaccination are combined.
Time frame: For 14 days after each vaccination (Up to Day 14 and/or Day 104)
Number of Participants With Solicited Participant-Reported Local (Injection Site) Reactions Following Either Vaccine by Maximum Severity
Injection site reactions were recorded by the participant in a memory aid for 14 days following each injection. Participants measured and recorded the longest diameter of redness (erythema) or swelling (edema) using the scale: 0=\< 2.5 cm to 3= Severe: \> 10 cm. For pain and itching they recorded intensity grade: 0=not present, 1=mild, 2=moderate or 3=severe. Participant-recorded local reactions are presented as number of participants reporting a reaction, by reaction type, overall and by severity, using the participant's worst reported severity grade. Only those score categories for which there was at least 1 participant are reported. Group 3 participants received 2 doses 90 days apart; injection site reactions following either vaccination are combined.
Time frame: For 14 days after each vaccination (Up to Day 14 and/or Day 104)
Number of Participants With Solicited Participant-Reported Systemic Adverse Events (AEs) Following Either Vaccine by Maximum Severity
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Solicited systemic AEs were recorded by the participant into a memory aid for 14 days following each vaccination. Solicited systemic AEs included: headache, muscle pain (myalgia), joint pain (arthralgia), eye pain, sensitivity to light (photophobia), tiredness (fatigue), body rash, nausea and vomiting. Systemic AEs were graded per The FDA Guidance for Industry: Toxicity Grading Scale for Healthy Adult and Adolescent Volunteers Enrolled in Preventive Vaccine Clinical Trial where: Grade 0=none to Grade 4=severe. A systemic AE of fever (defined as ≥ 100.4°F) was derived from a daily temperature reading recorded in the memory aid. Solicited systemic AEs are presented as the number of participants reporting the event, by, AE, overall and by severity, using the participant's worst reported severity grade. Group 3 participants received 2 doses 90 days apart; systemic AEs following either vaccination are combined.
Time frame: For 14 days after each vaccination (Up to Day 14 and/or Day 104)
Number of Participants With at Least 1 Unsolicited Related Adverse Event Following Either Vaccine Dose
An Adverse Event (AE) is defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical investigation participant administered a drug; it does not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment. The investigator assessed whether the AE was related to the study vaccination.
Time frame: For 30 days after each vaccination for non-serious AEs and through the end of the study for SAEs (Up to 120 Days)
Number of Participants With at Least 1 Serious Adverse Event During the Study
An Adverse Event (AE) is defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical investigation participant administered a drug; it does not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment. A serious adverse event is any experience that suggests a significant hazard, contraindication, side effect or precaution that: results in death, is life-threatening, required in-patient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, results in persistent or significant disability/incapacity, is a congenital anomaly/birth defect or is medically significant.
Time frame: First Vaccination to End of Study (Up to Day 120)
Seroconversion Rate to Each of Four Dengue Serotypes
Seroconversion rate was defined as the percentage of participants with Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test titer resulting in 50 % reduction in Plaques (PRNT50) titer ≥ 10 for participants seronegative at Baseline or a greater than four-fold increase in PRNT50 for participants seropositive at Baseline.
Time frame: Approximately 28 to 30 days after each vaccination (Up to Day 30 and/or Day 104)
Number of Participants With Detected Viral RNA for Each TDV Component After First and Second Vaccinations
Viral RNA was assessed for the four dengue components: Dengue-1 (TDV-1), Dengue-2 (TDV-2), Dengue-3 (TDV-3) and Dengue-4 (TDV-4). Only those time-points where at least 1 participant had Viral RNA detected are reported. Baseline (Day 0) and Day 7 are added for reference. "n" in each of the categories is the number of participants with data available.
Time frame: Days 0, 7, 9, 11, 14, 17, 21, 90, 97 and 104
Geometric Mean Neutralizing Antibody Titers (GMTs) of All Four Dengue Serotypes
Time frame: Days 28, 90 and 120 after 1st vaccination