Atopic Dermatitis Research Network (ADRN) Influenza Vaccine Study

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)368 enrolled

Overview

Atopic dermatitis, also called eczema, is a disease in which the skin is dry and scaly with severe itching. People who have atopic dermatitis often have complications from skin infections; these can include eczema herpeticum after herpes simplex virus infection or eczema vaccinatum after smallpox vaccination. People with atopic dermatitis may suffer from skin infections and may therefore respond differently to vaccinations. A new flu vaccine which is injected into the skin instead of into muscle has recently been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for vaccination of the general population including patients with atopic dermatitis. This new vaccine has been shown to work as well as the vaccine which is injected into muscle when tested in people without atopic dermatitis. The main purpose of this study is to compare how people with atopic dermatitis respond to this new flu vaccine compared to non-atopic volunteers without atopic dermatitis. The second purpose is to look at how people with atopic dermatitis respond to the new vaccine which is injected into the skin compared to the vaccine which is injected into muscle.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

PREVENTION

Masking

NONE

Enrollment

368

Conditions

Dermatitis, Atopic

Interventions

Fluzone® Intradermal VaccineBIOLOGICAL

A 0.1mL single-dose, in a latex-free, pre-filled microinjection system with an ultra-fine micro-needle. The active substance is prepared from influenza viruses propagated in embryonated chicken eggs. Fluzone® Intradermal is approved for use in persons 18 through 64 years of age and will be purchased from Sanofi Pasteur, Inc.

Fluzone® (Intramuscular) vaccineBIOLOGICAL

A 0.5 mL single-dose delivered via syringe using single-dose vials. The active substance is prepared from influenza viruses propagated in embryonated chicken eggs. Fluzone® for intramuscular injection is approved for persons 6 months and older and will be purchased from Sanofi Pasteur, Inc.

Eligibility

Sex: FEMALEMin age: 18 YearsMax age: 64 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Enrolled in the ADRN Registry study; * Active, mild to severe AD (lesions present) with or without a history of eczema herpeticum or who are non-atopic as diagnosed using the ADRN Standard Diagnostic Criteria; and * Willing to sign the informed consent form prior to initiation of any study procedure. Exclusion Criteria: * Pregnant or lactating. Women of child bearing potential must avoid becoming pregnant (use of an effective method of contraception or abstinence) for the duration of their participation in the study; * Have a known allergy to any component of the Fluzone® Intradermal or Fluzone® (Intramuscular) vaccines, including egg protein, or have had a severe allergic reaction to a previous dose of any influenza vaccine; * known or suspected congenital or acquired immunodeficiency or who have had immunosuppressive therapy (excluding steroids) such as anti-cancer chemotherapy or radiation therapy within the preceding 6 months; * Received systemic steroid therapy for 2 or more weeks at a dose ≥ 20 mg/day prednisone equivalent within 1 month prior to the day of vaccination or expect to receive within 3 weeks post-vaccination; * Received a cumulative dose of inhaled and/or intranasally administered corticosteroids ≥ 880 mcg/day fluticasone equivalent for 2 or more weeks within 1 month prior to the day of vaccination or expect to receive within 3 weeks post-vaccination; * A chronic illness, including but not limited to, cardiac, renal, or auto-immune disorders, or diabetes, at a stage that could interfere with study conduct or completion, based on the opinion of the Investigator. Asthma and underlying allergic conditions such as allergic rhinitis are not exclusionary; * A neoplastic disease or any hematologic malignancy. Participants who have been disease free for at least six months will not be excluded; * Participated in another clinical trial investigating a vaccine, drug, medical device, or a medical procedure in the four weeks preceding the study vaccination or who plan to participate in another clinical trial during the present study period; * Any skin disease other than AD that might compromise the stratum corneum barrier (e.g., bullous disease, psoriasis, cutaneous T cell lymphoma \[also called Mycosis Fungoides or Sezary syndrome\], dermatitis herpetiformis, Hailey-Hailey, or Darier's disease); * Received blood or blood-derived products that might interfere with the assessment of immune response in the past 3 months prior to vaccination or who plan to receive such products during the study period; * Received previous vaccination (Fluzone® or another vaccine) against influenza in the past 6 months prior to vaccination; * Received any other live vaccines within 4 weeks or inactivated vaccines within 2 weeks prior to study vaccination or who plan to receive any vaccination during the study period; * Thrombocytopenia or bleeding disorder in the 3 weeks preceding vaccination; * Personal or family history of Guillain-Barré Syndrome; * A first degree relative already enrolled in the study; * Determined to be ineligible based on the opinion of the Investigator.

Locations (5)

National Jewish Health

Denver, Colorado, United States

Northwestern University

Chicago, Illinois, United States

Boston Children's Hospital

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

University of Rochester Medical Center

Rochester, New York, United States

Oregon Health & Science University

Protland, Oregon, United States

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Seroprotection, Non-Atopic Dermatitis (AD), Intradermal vs. Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis, Intradermal - Influenza B

The difference in the percent of participants that achieved seroprotection against influenza B at Day 28 between non-AD and moderate to severe AD participants, following a single dose (0.1mL) of the seasonal 2012 - 2013 Fluzone Intradermal vaccine. Seroprotection is defined as having a serum hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) antibody titer of 1:40 or greater, which represents a sufficient antibody amount to avoid disease in half of the individuals infected with influenza B. Participants who achieved seroprotection prior to vaccination were excluded from the analysis. The goal was to examine whether there was a difference between the two groups in the percent of participants who achieved seroprotection at Day 28 who were not seroprotected prior to vaccination.

Time frame: Day 28 post vaccination

Seroprotection, Non-Atopic Dermatitis (AD), Intradermal vs. Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis, Intradermal - Influenza H1N1

The difference in the percentage of participants that achieved seroprotection against influenza H1N1 at Day 28 between non-AD and moderate to severe AD participants, following a single dose (0.1mL) of the seasonal 2012 - 2013 Fluzone Intradermal vaccine. Seroprotection is defined as having a serum hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) antibody titer of 1:40 or greater, which represents a sufficient antibody amount to avoid disease in half of the individuals infected with influenza H1N1. Participants who achieved seroprotection prior to vaccination were excluded from the analysis. The goal was to examine whether there was a difference between the two groups in the percentage of participants who achieved seroprotection at Day 28 who were not seroprotected prior to vaccination.

Time frame: Day 28 Post Vaccination

Seroprotection, Non-Atopic Dermatitis (AD), Intradermal vs. Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis, Intradermal - Influenza H3N2

The difference in the percentage of participants that achieved seroprotection against influenza H3N2 at Day 28 between non-AD and moderate to severe AD participants, following a single dose (0.1mL) of the seasonal 2012 - 2013 Fluzone Intradermal vaccine. Seroprotection is defined as having a serum hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) antibody titer of 1:40 or greater, which represents a sufficient antibody amount to avoid disease in half of the individuals infected with influenza H3N2. Participants who achieved seroprotection prior to vaccination were excluded from the analysis. The goal was to examine whether there was a difference between the two groups in the percentage of participants who achieved seroprotection at Day 28 who were not seroprotected prior to vaccination.

Time frame: Day 28 Post Vaccination

Secondary Outcomes

Fold-difference in Geometric Mean Serum Hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) Antibody Titers, Non-Atopic Dermatitis (AD), Intradermal vs. Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis, Intradermal - Influenza B

The fold-difference (defined as a ratio to describe the change from baseline to Day 28) in geometric mean serum HAI antibody titers against influenza B between non-AD and moderate to severe AD participants, following a single dose of the seasonal 2012-2013 Fluzone Intradermal vaccine. A fold-difference of greater than 1 indicated an increase in HAI antibody titers against influenza B as a result of vaccination; therefore, higher numbers indicate a greater probability of avoiding disease if infected with influenza B. Participants who achieved seroprotection (which is defined as having a sufficient antibody amount to avoid disease in half of the individuals infected with influenza B) prior to vaccination were excluded from the analysis.

Time frame: Day 28 post vaccination

Fold-difference in Geometric Mean Serum Hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) Antibody Titers, Non-Atopic Dermatitis (AD), Intradermal vs. Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis, Intradermal - Influenza H1N1

The fold-difference (defined as a ratio to describe the change from baseline to Day 28) in geometric mean serum HAI antibody titers against influenza H1N1 between non-AD and moderate to severe AD participants, following a single dose of the seasonal 2012-2013 Fluzone Intradermal vaccine. A fold-difference of greater than or equal to 1 indicated an increase in HAI antibody titers against influenza H1N1 as a result of vaccination; therefore, higher numbers indicate a greater probability of avoiding disease if infected with influenza H1N1. Participants who achieved seroprotection prior to vaccination were excluded from the analysis, which is defined as having a sufficient antibody amount to avoid disease in half of the individuals infected with influenza H1N1.

Time frame: Day 28 post vaccination

The fold-difference (defined as a ratio to describe the change from baseline to Day 28) in geometric mean serum HAI antibody titers against influenza H3N2 between non-AD and moderate to severe AD participants, following a single dose of the seasonal 2012-2013 Fluzone Intradermal vaccine. A fold-difference of greater than or equal to 1 indicated an increase in HAI antibody titers against influenza H3N2 as a result of vaccination; therefore, higher numbers indicate a greater probability of avoiding disease if infected with influenza H3N2 Participants who achieved seroprotection prior to vaccination were excluded from the analysis, which is defined as having a sufficient antibody amount to avoid disease in half of the individuals infected with influenza H3N2.

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

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Time frame: Day 28 post vaccination

Seroprotection, Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis (AD), Intradermal vs. Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis, Intramuscular - Influenza B

The difference in the percentage of moderate to severe AD participants that achieved seroprotection against influenza B at Day 28 between those given a single dose (0.1mL) of the seasonal 2012 - 2013 Fluzone Intradermal vaccine and those given a single dose (0.1mL) of the seasonal 2012 - 2013 Fluzone (Intramuscular) vaccine. Seroprotection is defined as having a serum hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) antibody titer of 1:40 or greater, which represents a sufficient antibody amount to avoid disease in half of the individuals infected with influenza B. Participants who achieved seroprotection prior to vaccination were excluded from the analysis. The goal was to examine whether there was a difference between the two groups in the percentage of participants who achieved seroprotection at Day 28 who were not seroprotected prior to vaccination.

Time frame: Day 28 post vaccination

Seroprotection, Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis (AD), Intradermal vs. Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis, Intramuscular - Influenza H1N1

The difference in the percentage of moderate to severe AD participants that achieved seroprotection against influenza H1N1 at Day 28 between those given a single dose (0.1mL) of the seasonal 2012 - 2013 Fluzone Intradermal vaccine and those given a single dose (0.1mL) of the seasonal 2012 - 2013 Fluzone (Intramuscular) vaccine. Seroprotection is defined as having a serum hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) antibody titer of 1:40 or greater, which represents a sufficient antibody amount to avoid disease in half of the individuals infected with influenza H1N1. Participants who achieved seroprotection prior to vaccination were excluded from the analysis. The goal was to examine whether there was a difference between the two groups in the percentage of participants who achieved seroprotection at Day 28 who were not seroprotected prior to vaccination.

Time frame: Day 28 Post Vaccination

Seroprotection, Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis (AD), Intradermal vs. Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis, Intramuscular - Influenza H3N2

The difference in the percentage of moderate to severe AD participants that achieved seroprotection against influenza H3N2 at Day 28 between those given a single dose (0.1mL) of the seasonal 2012 - 2013 Fluzone Intradermal vaccine and those given a single dose (0.1mL) of the seasonal 2012 - 2013 Fluzone (Intramuscular) vaccine. Seroprotection is defined as having a serum hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) antibody titer of 1:40 or greater, which represents a sufficient antibody amount to avoid disease in half of the individuals infected with influenza H3N2. Participants who achieved seroprotection prior to vaccination were excluded from the analysis. The goal was to examine whether there was a difference between the two groups in the percentage of participants who achieved seroprotection at Day 28 who were not seroprotected prior to vaccination.

Time frame: Day 28 Post Vaccination

Seroconversion, Non-Atopic Dermatitis (AD), Intradermal vs. Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis, Intradermal - Influenza B

The difference in the percentage of participants that achieved seroconversion at Day 28 between non-AD and moderate to severe AD participants, following a single dose (0.1mL) of the seasonal 2012 - 2013 Fluzone Intradermal vaccine. Seroconversion is defined as a 4-fold or greater increase in serum hemagglutination-inhibition \[HAI\] antibody titers against influenza B compared to baseline values, which represents the minimum intended effect of vaccination. Participants who achieved seroprotection, defined as having a sufficient antibody amount to avoid disease in half of the individuals infected with influenza B, prior to vaccination were excluded from the analysis. The goal was to examine whether there was a difference between the two groups in the percentage of participants who achieved seroconversion at Day 28 who were not seroprotected prior to vaccination.

Time frame: Day 28 Post Vaccination

Seroconversion, Non-Atopic Dermatitis (AD), Intradermal vs. Moderate to Severe AD, Intradermal - Influenza H1N1

The difference in the percentage of participants that achieved seroconversion at Day 28 between non-AD and moderate to severe AD participants, following a single dose (0.1mL) of the seasonal 2012 - 2013 Fluzone Intradermal vaccine. Seroconversion is defined as a 4-fold or greater increase in serum hemagglutination-inhibition \[HAI\] antibody titers against influenza H1N1 compared to baseline values, which represents the minimum intended effect of vaccination. Participants who achieved seroprotection, defined as having a sufficient antibody amount to avoid disease in half of the individuals infected with influenza H1N1, prior to vaccination were excluded from the analysis. The goal was to examine whether there was a difference between the two groups in the percentage of participants who achieved seroconversion at Day 28 who were not seroprotected prior to vaccination.

Time frame: Day 28 Post Vaccination

Seroconversion, Non-Atopic Dermatitis (AD), Intradermal vs. Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis, Intradermal - Influenza H3N2

The difference in the percentage of participants that achieved seroconversion at Day 28 between non-AD and moderate to severe AD participants, following a single dose (0.1mL) of the seasonal 2012 - 2013 Fluzone Intradermal vaccine. Seroconversion is defined as a 4-fold or greater increase in serum hemagglutination-inhibition \[HAI\] antibody titers against influenza H3N2 compared to baseline values, which represents the minimum intended effect of vaccination. Participants who achieved seroprotection, defined as having a sufficient antibody amount to avoid disease in half of the individuals infected with influenza H3N2, prior to vaccination were excluded from the analysis. The goal was to examine whether there was a difference between the two groups in the percentage of participants who achieved seroconversion at Day 28 who were not seroprotected prior to vaccination.

Time frame: Day 28 Post Vaccination

Seroconversion, Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis (AD), Intradermal vs. Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis, Intramuscular - Influenza B

The difference in the percentage of moderate to severe AD participants that achieved seroconversion at Day 28 between those given a single dose (0.1mL) of the seasonal 2012 - 2013 Fluzone Intradermal vaccine and those given a single dose (0.1mL) of the seasonal 2012 - 2013 Fluzone (Intramuscular) vaccine. Seroconversion is defined as a 4-fold or greater increase in serum hemagglutination-inhibition \[HAI\] antibody titers against influenza B compared to baseline values, which represents the minimum intended effect of vaccination. Participants who achieved seroprotection, defined as having a sufficient antibody amount to avoid disease in half of the individuals infected with influenza B, prior to vaccination were excluded from the analysis. The goal was to examine whether there was a difference between the two groups in the percentage of participants who achieved seroconversion at Day 28 who were not seroprotected prior to vaccination.

Time frame: Day 28 Post Vaccination

Seroconversion, Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis (AD), Intradermal vs. Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis, Intramuscular - Influenza H1N1

The difference in the percentage of moderate to severe AD participants that achieved seroconversion at Day 28 between those given a single dose (0.1mL) of the seasonal 2012 - 2013 Fluzone Intradermal vaccine and those given a single dose (0.1mL) of the seasonal 2012 - 2013 Fluzone (Intramuscular) vaccine. Seroconversion is defined as a 4-fold or greater increase in serum hemagglutination-inhibition \[HAI\] antibody titers against influenza H1N1 compared to baseline values, which represents the minimum intended effect of vaccination. Participants who achieved seroprotection, defined as having a sufficient antibody amount to avoid disease in half of the individuals infected with influenza H1N1, prior to vaccination were excluded from the analysis. The goal was to examine whether there was a difference between the two groups in the percentage of participants who achieved seroconversion at Day 28 who were not seroprotected prior to vaccination.

Time frame: Day 28 Post Vaccination

Seroconversion, Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis (AD), Intradermal vs. Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis, Intramuscular - Influenza H3N2

The difference in the percentage of moderate to severe AD participants that achieved seroconversion at Day 28 between those given a single dose (0.1mL) of the seasonal 2012 - 2013 Fluzone Intradermal vaccine and those given a single dose (0.1mL) of the seasonal 2012 - 2013 Fluzone (Intramuscular) vaccine. Seroconversion is defined as a 4-fold or greater increase in serum hemagglutination-inhibition \[HAI\] antibody titers against influenza H3N2 compared to baseline values, which represents the minimum intended effect of vaccination. Participants who achieved seroprotection, defined as having a sufficient antibody amount to avoid disease in half of the individuals infected with influenza H3N2, prior to vaccination were excluded from the analysis. The goal was to examine whether there was a difference between the two groups in the percentage of participants who achieved seroconversion at Day 28 who were not seroprotected prior to vaccination.

Time frame: Day 28 Post Vaccination