The advent of highly active antiretroviral treatment has resulted in the survival into adolescence of an increasing proportion of infants and children with perinatal HIV infection in Senegal. However, the transformation of HIV into a chronic disease needing lifelong antiretroviral treatment (ART) raises new challenges, among others related to a disturbance of glucose metabolism, lipid abnormalities, in addition to the potential effects on children's growth and puberty. Little is known on nutritional and metabolic changes in HIV-infected children on ART in Africa, while implementation of the latest WHO recommendations should eventually lead to an increase in the number of children on ART in this region. Moreover, bio-clinical evolution of untreated children is poorly documented in the African context. It therefore urgently needed to institute a cohort study to evaluate, in the long term, the impact of HIV infection and/or ART on nutritional and metabolic disorders and to characterize the risk factors of their occurrence in children and adolescents infected as they move through adolescent into adulthood.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
330
Hôpital d'enfant Albert Royer
Dakar, Senegal
Hôpital Roi Baudoin
Guédiawaye, Senegal
Prevalence of delayed growth
Delayed growth is defined by height for age \< -2 z-scores, wasting (%) by weight-for height \< -2 z-scores and/or BMI-age \< -2 z-scores
Time frame: Baseline
Prevalence of delayed puberty
Delayed puberty is assessed by age of entry into puberty and the age of transition to different Tanner staging
Time frame: Baseline
Prevalence of lipodystrophy
Lipodystrophy (lipoatrophy, lipohypertrophy, combined forms) is defined by direct observation and by joint analysis of anthropometric measures associated with fat tissue index and lean tissue index measured by electrical bio-impedancemetry
Time frame: Baseline
Prevalence of blood lipids ans glucose abnormalities
Measurement of blood glucose, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglycerides
Time frame: Baseline
Incidence of delayed growth
Delayed growth is defined by height for age \< -2 z-scores, wasting (%) by weight-for height \< -2 z-scores and/or BMI-age \< -2 z-scores
Time frame: Annually for 3 years from the anniversary date of the study
Incidence of delayed puberty
Assessed by age of entry into puberty and the age of transition to a different Tanner stage
Time frame: Annually for 3 years from the anniversary date of the study
Incidence of lipodystrophy
defined by direct observation and by joint analysis of anthropometric measures associated with changes in fat tissue index and lean tissue index measured by electrical bio-impedancemetry
Time frame: Annually for 3 years from the anniversary date of the study
Incidence of blood lipid and glucose abnormalities
Repeated measurement of blood glucose, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglycerides
Time frame: Annually for 3 years from the anniversary date of the study
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