Genomic Profiling in Cancer Patients

Inclusion Criteria: Part A: * Patients with a history of cancer or patients without a documented cancer history undergoing a surgical procedure, endoscopy, biopsy, or liquid biopsy (for example cell free DNA testing) to confirm or exclude a cancer diagnosis, or * Any participant having a test or procedure that has the potential to provide a specimen that can be banked for future research purposes, or * Any participant who has already had a diagnostic or therapeutic procedure that has yielded tissue, blood or other bodily fluids presently in the archive but who has not yet been approached to participate is also eligible. Part B: * Patients must be successfully registered to Part A of MSKCC IRB# 12-245 * Prior written approval for patient consent obtained from the Principal/Co-Principal Investigator of MSKCC IRB # 12-245. Part C: * Patient must be receiving ongoing care at MSK or a CHERPn/ Alliance/Affiliate site or have previously consulted with an MSK physician. * Patient must have successfully consented to Part A of this study. Part D: * Patients with no personal cancer history at increased risk for cancer development due to family history, molecular cancer marker, know carrier status of a gene associated with increased cancer risk or prior/ongoing environmental exposures or lifestyle factors. Exclusion Criteria: All Parts: * Unwilling or unable to provide informed consent. Part C: * All patients consenting to Part A are eligible to consent to 12-245, Part C. Most patients will be eligible to receive clinical germline testing with return of results to the patient/health care providers. However, several exclusion criteria apply and are outlined below 1. Solid tumor patients: Secondary germline analysis using BAM files generated for MSK-IMPACT testing is not an option for patients with solid tumors and an acute or chronic hematologic neoplasm that would preclude the use of blood or saliva as a source of germline DNA. Such patient may be eligible for primary germline testing using a non-blood source of germline DNA as per standard clinical guidelines. Solid tumor patients who have had an allogenic bone marrow/stem cell transplant will only be considered eligible for germline testing under Part C if a sample adequate for germline testing had previously been collected prior to allogenic bone marrow/stem cell transplant. 2. Hematologic cancer patients: For patients with a hematopoietic neoplasm, germline testing may be an option under Part C using nail clippings or another non-blood source of DNA as per standard clinical practice. For patients who have had an allogenic bone marrow/stem cell transplant, clinical germline testing will only be considered under Part C if a sample adequate for germline testing had previously been collected prior to Allogenic bone marrow/stem cell transplant. Part D * Exclusion criteria are same as those for Part C outlined above.