The primary objectives of this study are: * To determine whether rivaroxaban 2.5 mg twice daily (bid) + aspirin 100 mg once daily (od) compared with aspirin 100 mg od reduces the risk of a composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, or cardiovascular death in subjects with coronary artery disease (CAD) or peripheral artery disease (PAD); * To determine whether rivaroxaban 5 mg bid compared with aspirin 100 mg od reduces the risk of a composite of myocardial infarction, stroke or cardiovascular death in subjects with CAD or PAD.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Enrollment
27,395
Tablet, 2.5 mg, twice daily, oral
Tablet, 5 mg, twice daily, oral
Tablet, 100 mg, once daily, oral
The First Occurrence of the Composite Primary Efficacy Outcome, Myocardial Infarction (MI), Stroke, or Cardiovascular (CV) Death
Count of participants and time from randomization to the first occurrence of the composite primary efficacy outcome, MI, stroke, or CV death were evaluated. Hazard ratios were calculated and reported as statistical analysis.
Time frame: For each participant, the first occurrence of the composite primary efficacy outcome after randomization up until the global rivaroxaban/aspirin outcomes cut-off date (06 FEB 2017) was considered. The mean time in follow-up until that date was 702 days.
The First Occurrence of the Primary Safety Outcome Major Bleeding Based on a Modification of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) Criteria
Modified ISTH major bleeding is defined as: i) Fatal bleeding, or ii) Symptomatic bleeding in a critical area or organ, such as intraarticular, intracranial, intramuscular with compartment syndrome, intraocular, intraspinal, liver, pancreas, pericardial, respiratory, retroperitoneal, adrenal gland or kidney; or bleeding into the surgical site requiring reoperation, or iii) Bleeding leading to hospitalization (major bleeding also includes presentation to an acute care facility with discharge on the same day). Count of participants and time from randomization to the first occurrence of the primary safety outcome major bleeding were evaluated. Hazard ratios were calculated and reported as statistical analysis.
Time frame: For each participant, the first occurrence of modified ISTH major bleeding after randomization up until the global rivaroxaban/aspirin outcomes cut-off date (06 FEB 2017) was considered. The mean time in follow-up until that date was 702 days.
The First Occurrence of Myocardial Infarction (MI), Ischemic Stroke, Acute Limb Ischemia (ALI), or Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) Death
Count of participants and time from randomization to the first occurrence of MI, ischemic stroke, ALI, or CHD death were evaluated. Hazard ratios were calculated and reported as statistical analysis.
Time frame: For each participant, the first occurrence of MI, ALI, or CHD death after randomization up until the global rivaroxaban/aspirin outcomes cut-off date (06 FEB 2017) was considered. The mean time in follow-up until that date was 702 days.
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Aspirin matching placebo, once daily, oral
Rivaroxaban matching placebo, twice daily, oral
Tablet, 40 mg, once daily, oral, for participants who were not on a PPI and who were randomized to pantoprazole
Pantoprazole matching placebo, once daily, oral, for participants who were not on a PPI and who were randomized to pantoprazole placebo
Unnamed facility
Birmingham, Alabama, United States
Unnamed facility
Mobile, Alabama, United States
Unnamed facility
Anaheim, California, United States
Unnamed facility
Laguna Hills, California, United States
Unnamed facility
Northridge, California, United States
Unnamed facility
Palo Alto, California, United States
Unnamed facility
Santa Rosa, California, United States
Unnamed facility
Sylmar, California, United States
Unnamed facility
Torrance, California, United States
Unnamed facility
Norwalk, Connecticut, United States
...and 555 more locations
The First Occurrence of MI, Ischemic Stroke, ALI, or Cardiovascular (CV) Death
Count of participants and time from randomization to the first occurrence of MI, ischemic stroke, ALI, or CV death were evaluated. Hazard ratios were calculated and reported as statistical analysis.
Time frame: For each participant, the first occurrence of MI, ischemic stroke, ALI, or CV death after randomization up until the global rivaroxaban/aspirin outcomes cut-off date (06 FEB 2017) was considered. The mean time in follow-up until that date was 702 days.
All-cause Mortality
Count of participants and time from randomization to death by all cause were evaluated. Hazard ratios were calculated and reported as statistical analysis.
Time frame: For each participants, death by any cause after randomization up until the global rivaroxaban/aspirin outcomes cut-off date (06 FEB 2017) was considered. The mean time in follow-up until that date was 702 days.