A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing the Effect of Pelvic Floor Muscle Training

University of Sao Paulo297 enrolled

Overview

Aim: To determine the effects of pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) in women with a single delivery route. Pregnancy and delivery route alter the pelvic floor muscle strength and are considered risk factors for urinary incontinence and genital dystopias. Methods: A Randomized controlled clinical trial with two hundred ninety-seven women aged 35 to 45 years old were selected for functional assessments of their pelvic floors by vaginal digital palpation and perineometry. One hundred sixty-five (69.7%) exhibited muscle strength deficits and were included in the clinical trial. The participants were distributed into two groups based on the delivery route (A, vaginal delivery and B, cesarean delivery) and were then randomly subdivided into Groups A1 (n = 44) and B1 (n = 42), who performed PFMT, and Groups A2 (n = 39) and B2 (n = 40), who did not undergo muscle training. The PFMT involved perineal contraction exercises in the dorsal decubitus, sitting, and standing positions and was applied twice per week for a total of 15 sessions. The functional assessment of pelvic floor by vaginal digital palpation and perineometry was performed after 15 sessions of pelvic´s floor muscles training. The statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney and Z tests at a 5% level of significance.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

SINGLE

Enrollment

297

Conditions

Pelvic Floor Muscle Weakness

Eligibility

Sex: FEMALEMin age: 35 YearsMax age: 45 Years

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * age between 35 and 45 years old, obstetric antecedent of a single delivery route (i.e., vaginal or abdominal), and regular menstrual cycles for six months prior to the initial interview. Exclusion Criteria: * women who had complaints or clinical manifestations suggestive of urinary incontinence, intense pelvic or vaginal pain, past histories of physical therapy for pelvic floor strengthening, correction of genital prolapse, myomectomy, (total or subtotal) hysterectomy, morbidities such as diabetes and arterial hypertension, or body mass indices (BMIs) that were determined during the physical examination to be equal to or higher than 30 kg/m2.

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Pelvic floor muscle strength by two methods

Verification of pelvic floor muscle strength by digital palpation and perineometry before application of exercise and after 15 visits

Time frame: The strength of pelvic floor muscle by digital palpation and perineometry were evaluated one day after 15 sessions of pelvic floor muscle training.

Secondary Outcomes

Application of a questionnaire

Verification of age,type of delivery, number of deliveries through a questionnaire

Time frame: One day after 15 sessions of pelvic floor muscle training.