Rituximab Neoadjuvant Therapy in Patients With Prostate Cancer Scheduled to Undergo Radical Prostatectomy

Inclusion Criteria: * Ability to understand and provide written informed consent. * Patient has EITHER: * A Kattan nomogram predicted probability of being disease free 5 years after surgery of \< 60%, OR * A Gleason sum ≥ 8. * Indicated for radical prostatectomy. Note: candidates for radical prostatectomy are still eligible even if they have a history of deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and/or cerebrovascular accident or currently requiring systemic anticoagulation. * Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0-1 (Appendix A). * Males aged ≥ 18 years. * Adequate organ function as defined below measured within 21 days of study entry: * Hematology: * Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) ≥ 1.5 x 109/L * Platelet count ≥ 100 x 109/L * Hemoglobin ≥ 9.0 g/dL * White blood cell (WBC) count ≥ 3.0 x 109/L * Biochemistry: * Aspartate aminotransferase/serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (AST/SGOT) and alanine transaminase/serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (ALT/SGPT) ≤ 2 x institution's upper limit of normal (ULN) * Total bilirubin \<1.5 times ULN * Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN)\<1.5 times ULN * Na, K Cl, carbon dioxide (CO2), Ca, phosphate (PO4) within institutional limits * Available prostate biopsy specimen which is evaluable for B lymphocyte count. Exclusion Criteria: * Received prior treatment for prostatic adenocarcinoma including prior surgery (excluding TURP), radiation therapy, or chemotherapy. * Current or past use of investigational agents within 4 weeks of study enrollment. * Evidence of metastatic disease on cross sectional imaging or bone scan. * History of hepatitis B or C, hepatitis immunodeficiency virus (HIV), tuberculosis or a chronic infection of any type. * Positive test results for chronic hepatitis B infection (defined as positive HBsAg serology). * Positive test results for hepatitis C (hepatitis C virus \[HCV\] antibody serology testing).