Dietary fat has been shown to modulate cholesterol and fatty acids homeostasis and several lines of evidence suggest that this effect is associated with changes in the regulation of different genes at the intestine level involved in the cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism pathways. The present study will examine the impact of a short-term high fat diet versus a short-term low fat diet on expression of Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binding cassette transporters (ABCG5/8), microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) and fatty acid transport protein-4 (FATP4), which have been shown to play a critical role in intestinal cholesterol absorption, chylomicron synthesis and dietary lipid absorption. Gene expression studies will be performed on duodenal biopsies. The primary hypothesis is that a short-term high fat diet will significantly decrease duodenal messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) levels of NPC1L1, ABCG5/8, MTP and FATP4 as compared with a short-term low fat diet.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
TRIPLE
Enrollment
12
During 3 days, subjects eat a diet high in fat (percent of total caloric intake: 15.0% from proteins; 49,8% from carbohydrates; 37.0% from fat).
During 3 days, subjects eat a diet low in fat (percent of caloric intake: 15.0% from proteins; 61,8% from carbohydrates; 25.0% from fats).
Institute of nutrition and functional food
Québec, Quebec, Canada
Change in duodenal mRNA expression of NPC1L1, ABCG5/8, MTP and FATP4.
Six biopsies (3 X 3 mm) will be obtained from the second portion of the duodenum during gastro-duodenoscopy. Biopsy specimen will be stored at -86°C before mRNA extraction. Total RNA will be isolated and used for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) quantification.
Time frame: At the end of the two 3-days diets (day 3 and day 17).
Change in surrogate markers of cholesterol absorption and synthesis.
Time frame: At the end of the two 3-days diets (day 3 and day 17).
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