Phase 1 of this study involves determining how consumption of dairy fat fractions rich in milk fat globule membrane influences postprandial inflammation in participants with metabolic syndrome or obesity during a high dietary fat challenge in a six-hour period.
Phase 1 is a randomized crossover study designed to determine how inclusion of dairy fractions rich in milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) to shakes rich in dairy or palm fat influence postprandial inflammation. Participants who have 2 or more risk factors of metabolic syndrome or BMI ≥ 30 will consume four shakes on separate days. The four shakes are: high dairy fat, high dairy fat + MFGM, high palm fat, high palm fat + MFGM. Eligible participants will arrive to the Western Human Nutrition Research Center (WHNRC) at the University of California (UC) Davis campus on the morning of each test day after a 10-12-hr overnight fast. Upon arrival participants will fill out a questionnaire about their dietary and medication intakes and physical activity for the past 72 hours to ensure compliance. Compliant participants' weight and blood pressure will be measured and a fasting blood draw will be taken before participants consume their test meal. Participants will only consume this test meal and water freely for the duration of the test day. Blood will be drawn serially at 1, 3 and 6 hours postprandially. Participants will be tested on the additional three arms on three different spaced apart by two weeks. On the third or fourth test day, participants' body composition and bone mineral density will be measured by dual x-ray absorptiometry.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
38
BPC50, a dairy fraction rich in milk fat globule membrane proteins and phospholipids manufactured by Fonterra, will make up 50% of the shake's total fat.
USDA Western Human Nutrition Research Center
Davis, California, United States
Plasma inflammatory mediators
Plasma cytokines will be measured using a multi-plex immunoassay and plasma oxylipins will be measured by mass spectroscopy.
Time frame: Change from 0 hour up to 6 hours postprandial
Plasma lipid profile
Plasma lipids (triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C) will be measured by enzymatic analysis by UC Davis Pathology Lab.
Time frame: Change from 0 hour up to 6 hours postprandial
Plasma bone markers
Plasma N-terminal telopeptide (NTX), C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) and propeptide of type I collagen (P1NP) will be measured by multi-plex immunoassay.
Time frame: Change from 0 hour up to 6 hours postprandial
Urinary metabolites
Urinary metabolites will be measured by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.
Time frame: Change from 0 hour up to 6 hours postprandial
Plasma glucose
Plasma glucose will be measured by enzymatic analysis by UC Davis Pathology Lab.
Time frame: Change from 0 hour up to 6 hours postprandial
Red blood cell functionality
Red blood cells isolated from whole blood will be measured for sheer stress using an in-vitro microfluidic assay.
Time frame: Change from 0 hour up to 6 hours postprandial
This platform is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.
BPC50, a dairy fraction rich in milk fat globule membrane proteins and phospholipids manufactured by Fonterra, will make up 50% of the shake's total fat.