90 American society of anesthesiology (ASA) physical status I and II patients undergoing general anesthesia for elective surgery will be included in the study. Patients will be randomized into three groups. Group E will receive esmolol (1 mg/kg), Group IL lidocaine (0.5 mg/kg)and Group C placebo(NaCl 0.9%, 5 mL), followed by a 0.05 mg/kg rocuronium. After intravenous induction with propofol, adequate muscle relaxation for intubation will be received by 0.5 mg/kg rocuronium.
Patients will be observed after injection of rocuronium 0.05mg/kg, then immediately asked if they have pain in the arm. The response are assessed; discomfort, pain, and withdrawal of the hand are recorded and graded using a 4-point scale (none, mild, moderate, or severe). After the intubating dose of rocuronium, withdrawal reactions are scored as follows: (a) no pain response, (b)pain limited to the wrist, (c) pain limited to the elbow/shoulder, or (d) generalized pain response.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
90
Group L lidocaine (0.5 mg/kg), (rocuronium) (0.05mg/kg).
Group E: esmolol (1 mg/kg), (rocuronium) (0.05mg/kg)
0.05 mg/kg rocuronium
Diskapi Teaching and Research Hospital
Ankara, Altindag, Turkey (Türkiye)
The injection pain due to rocuronium
Pain will be recorded and graded using a 4-point scale (none, mild, moderate, or severe).
Time frame: 1 month
Score on pain due to injection of rocuronium
Withdrawal reactions are scored as follows: (a) no pain response, (b)pain limited to the wrist, (c) pain limited to the elbow/shoulder, or (d) generalized pain response.
Time frame: 1 month
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Group C: Placebo (NaCl 0.9%, 5 ml), (rocuronium) (0.05mg/kg)