A primary objective of this study is to evaluate the in vivo response of tumor to chemotherapy through gene microarray analysis. Neoadjuvant treatment allows the unique opportunity to observe the in vivo effects of cytotoxic therapy on gene expression in tumor tissue. The investigators plan to evaluate several different questions by comparing gene profiles in different phases of treatment in this study. These are outlined below. Hypotheses 1. Chemotherapy enriches for tumor cell populations that have enhanced resistance and survival mechanisms. These mechanisms will in part be identifiable through changes in gene expression profiles pre vs. post treatment. 2. Use of two distinct chemotherapy selection pressures, for example a DNA-damaging regimen (epirubicin and cyclophosphamide) or a mitotic spindle/metabolic targeted regimen (docetaxel and capecitabine), will allow for the identification of a smaller set of genes associated to resistance and survival mechanisms of broad importance. 3. Genes associated with enrichment for resistance and survival mechanisms will not be present in large amounts pretreatment in tumors destined for complete pathologic response.
The clinical outcomes of breast cancer treatment are remarkably similar regardless of the regimen used, even though the individual drugs may differ substantially in mechanisms of action. We are interested in identifying a set of genes that may be associated with breast cancer cell survival following selection by chemotherapy. We intend to use two different selection pressures (different chemotherapy regimens with different mechanisms of action) in order to focus on those genes that are regulated similarly in response to either regimen. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is in common use for locally advanced breast cancers. Although it does not yet appear to impart a survival advantage, it does enhance the likelihood of breast conserving surgery and also provides important prognostic information. Taxotere appears to add significantly to pathologic complete responses when added to doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide alone. The combination of capecitabine and docetaxel was superior to docetaxel alone in metastatic disease. Many investigators are interested in incorporating this regimen for the treatment of earlier stages of breast cancer.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
72
Epirubicin 90 mg/m2 d1 q3w
Cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2 d1 q3w
Docetaxel 75 mg/m2 d1 q3w
Capecitabine 1000 mg/m2/dose bid x 14d q3w
Standard dosing, fields depending on clinical findings
University of Colorado Cancer Center
Aurora, Colorado, United States
Overall Response Rate
To describe the overall response rate as measured by physical exam and MRI if indicated using the following definition: Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.0) for target lesions: Complete Response (CR), Disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), \>=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions; Overall Response (OR) = CR + PR.
Time frame: Up to 8 months
Pathological Response
Pathological response (pCR or microscopic only primary) in both primary and nodes using the Miller-Payne criteria for pathologic response.
Time frame: Up to 8 months
This platform is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.