Effects of Oxygen Status on Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1-α and Inflammation. A Pilot Proof of Principle Study.

Inclusion Criteria: * Age ≥18 and ≤35 yrs * Male * Healthy Exclusion Criteria: * Use of any medication * Smoking * History, signs or symptoms of cardiovascular disease * History of atrial or ventricular arrhythmia * (Family) history of myocardial infarction or stroke under the age of 65 years * Cardiac conduction abnormalities on the ECG consisting of a 2nd degree atrioventricular block or a complex bundle branch block * Hypertension (defined as RR systolic \> 160 or RR diastolic \> 90 mmHg) * Hypotension (defined as RR systolic \< 100 or RR diastolic \< 50 mmHg) * Renal impairment (defined as plasma creatinine \>120 μmol/l) * Liver enzyme abnormalities alkaline phosphatase\>230 U/L and/or ALT\>90 U/L * Medical history of any obvious disease associated with immune deficiency * CRP \> 20 mg/L, WBC \> 12x109/L, or clinically significant acute illness, including infections, within 4 weeks before endotoxemia day * Participation in a drug trial or donation of blood 3 months prior to the experiment * Pre-existent lung disease or asthma * Use of recreational drugs within 21 days prior to experiment day * Visit to altitude \>1500m within 4 weeks prior to the experiment * Air travel with flight time over 3 hours within 4 weeks prior to the experiment * History of acute mountain sickness * Recent hospital admission or surgery with general anaesthesia (\<3 months) * Claustrophobia * Feelings of discomfort during a 10 minute test wearing the transparent respiratory helmet at the screening visit