Gene-environment Interactions and Brain Functional Connectivity in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

N/ACompletedNCT01912352

Seoul National University83 enrolled

Overview

The aims of the current study are to examine gene-environment interactions associated with norepinephrine (NE) system genes (ADRA2A, SLC6A2) in ADHD, and to evaluate whether genetic changes in norepinephrine pathway are associated with differences in functional connectivity of white matter fiber tracts, as measured by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Furthermore, this study aims to examine neurobiological markers, such as intermediate neuroimaging phenotypes or neuropsychological endophenotypes associated with the pathophysiology of ADHD. Through evaluating drug responses and side effects with the associated measures of clinical, neuropsychological and neuroimaging characteristics, investigators would like to investigate predictors of treatment response associated with NE system genes in ADHD.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Masking

NONE

Enrollment

Conditions

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Interventions

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 6 YearsMax age: 18 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Clinical diagnosis of Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder * 6-18 years old Exclusion Criteria: * History of neurological diseases, including convulsive disorders or brain damage * IQ below 70 * Pervasive developmental disorder (autism) * Language difficulties or learning disorders (reading disorders, mathematics disorders and disorders of written expression). * Tourette's syndrome * Bipolar disorder * Psychosis

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Change From Baseline ADHD Rating Scale-IV Scores at 8 Weeks

Attendtion-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Rating Scale-IV is the sum of 18 questions, ranging from 0 (no symptoms) to 54 (worst possible symptoms). Change from baseline ADHD Rating Scale-IV scores at 8 weeks was calculated as baseline minus 8 weeks.

Time frame: baseline and 8 weeks

Secondary Outcomes

Clinical Global Impression-Improvement Scale at 8 Weeks

Clinical Global Impression-Improvement (CGI-I) scale is a one-item measure evaluating the change from the initiation of treatment on a seven-point scale: "Compared to the patient's condition at baseline \[prior to medication initiation\], this patient's condition is: 1=very much improved since the initiation of treatment; 2=much improved; 3=minimally improved; 4=no change from baseline (the initiation of treatment); 5=minimally worse; 6= much worse; 7=very much worse since the initiation of treatment. Clinical Global Impression-Improvement was measured at 8 weeks.

Time frame: baseline and 8 weeks