Obtaining Solid Tumor Tissue From People Having Biopsy or Surgery for Certain Types of Cancer

Overview

Background: \- Recent advances in cancer research have led to new therapies to treat the disease. It is important to continue these advances and discover new ones. To do that, researchers need tissue samples from solid tumors. This study will collect such samples from people already scheduled to have a procedure at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (NIHCC). Objectives: \- To collect tissue samples for use in studying new ways to treat tumors. Eligibility: * Adults 18 years and older, with a precancerous or cancerous solid tumor who are scheduled to have surgery or a biopsy at the NIHCC. * Children under the age of 18 but who are older than 2 years of age are eligible to be enrolled on the research sample collection portion of this study if they will have a biopsy or surgery as part of their medical care. Design: * Before their procedure, participants will have a small blood sample taken. * Some participants will undergo leukapheresis. In this procedure, blood is removed through a tube in one arm and circulated through a machine that removes white blood cells. The blood, minus the white blood cells, is returned through a tube in the other arm. The procedure takes 3-4 hours. * For all participants, during the surgery or biopsy, pieces of the tumor and pieces of normal tissue near it will be removed for this study. The rest of the tumor or precancerous growth will be sent to a lab for analysis. * Participants will return to the clinic about 6 weeks after the operation for a routine checkup. Some may have to return for additional follow-up.

Background: Recent advances and insights into the molecular pathogenesis of cancer have led to the development of novel molecular and biologic targeted therapies for the treatment of advanced cancer patients. A critical challenge in extending these studies involves the identification and validation of new therapeutic targets for future cancer therapies. As Surgical Oncologists at the NCI, we have an interest in identifying novel molecular and biologic targets to facilitate the development of future cancer therapies. In addition, we have the primary responsibility for providing surgical consultative services to the NIH. As such, we are uniquely positioned to acquire and perform important studies on solid tumor tissue to help identify therapeutic targets that may have significant clinical ramifications. Objective: To collect biologic samples from participants undergoing diagnostic, preventative, or therapeutic interventions for premalignant, primary or metastatic solid tumors for the purpose of identifying novel molecular and biologic therapeutic targets. Eligibility: Participants age \>= 2 years and older with radiographic or clinical suspicion of, genetic predisposition for, biochemical evidence of, or histologically/cytologically proven solid neoplasms who require diagnostic, preventative, or therapeutic intervention as a part of the diagnosis and/or treatment and/or follow up for their neoplasm. Note: Participants \>= 2 years of age and under 18 years of age may only participate in research sample collection if the tissue acquisition is performed during a clinically indicated surgical procedure, and the biospecimen sampling (resected tumor tissue, blood, urine, ascites, or bile) does not add risk to the clinically indicated procedures. Participants without solid tumors in whom a diagnostic, preventative, or therapeutic intervention is being performed, but for whom surgical quality and safety outcomes data are generated. Participants should have laboratory and physical examination parameters within acceptable limits by standard of practice guidelines prior to planned intervention. Design: A tissue acquisition trial in which tissues will be obtained at the time of intervention. No investigational therapy will be given. It is anticipated that 1,764 participants will be followed on this study.