Purified Anthocyanin and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Inclusion Criteria: * BMI \[body weight divided by height squared (in kg/m2)\] \> 23, * lack of excessive alcohol ingestion confirmed by careful questioning by the primary physician and dietitians (consumption of less than 70 g alcohol in female and 140 g in male per week), and * the presence of two of the three following diagnostic criteria of the fatty liver disease: increased hepatic echogenicity compared to the spleen or the kidneys, blurring of liver vasculature and deep attenuation of the ultrasonographic signal. Exclusion Criteria: * overuse of alcohol, * viral hepatitis, * type 1 or 2 diabetes, * gastrointestinal or connective diseases, * chronic pancreatitis, * liver cirrhosis, * kidney stones, or renal failure; * use of acetyl-salicylic acid or other antiplatelet drugs, statins of fibrates, oral hypoglycemic drugs, nitrates, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, or drugs interfering with coagulation; * supplementation with vitamins or antioxidants