Effects of Fruit Consumption on Risk Factors of Chronic Disease

Inclusion Criteria: * Males due to potential hormonal fluctuations in female subjects * Aged 30-65years * Fasting total cholesterol in the upper half of the normal range (6.0-8.0 mmol/l) or triacylglycerol \>0.8 mmol/l or a BMI 25-32 kg/m2. * Not having suffered a myocardial infarction/stroke in the past 12 months * Not diabetic (diagnosed or fasting glucose \> 7 mmol/l) or suffer from other endocrine disorders * Not suffering from renal or bowel disease or have a history of choleostatic liver or pancreatitis * Not on drug treatment for hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, inflammation or hypercoagulation * No history of alcohol misuse * Not planning or on a weight reducing regime * Not taking any fish oil, fatty acid or vitamin and mineral supplements * Non smokers * Not suffering from depression as indicated by the Brief Symptom Inventory (Appendix 11). * Not suffering from mild cognitive impairment or dementia according to the MMSE (score ≥ 25). Exclusion Criteria: * Females * Medication for hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, inflammation or hypercoagulation * Hypertension - ACE Inhibitors (e.g. Captopril, Cilazapril), Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (Valsartan), Calcium Channel Blockers (Amlodipine, Nicardipine), Diuretics (Chlortalidone) or Beta blockers (Sotalol, Bisoprolol). * Cholesterol lowering (Pravastatin, Simuvustatin) * Anticoagulants (Warfarin) * Inflammation - NSAID's (Tiaprofenic acid, Sulindac, Ibuprofen), Corticosteroids(Betamethasone) * Strict vegetarians * Smokers * Those on or planning a weight reducing regime * Blood glucose, haemaglobin or liver enzymes outside of the normal range * Unable to consume study meals * Those suffering from depression as indicated by the Brief Symptom Inventory (Appendix 11). * Those suffering from mild cognitive impairment or dementia as indicated by the MMSE (score \< 25).