External Trigeminal Nerve Stimulation for Drug Resistent Epilepsy

Inclusion Criteria: * Age 18-65 * Partial onset seizures (complex partial or secondary generalized tonic-clonic) * At least one seizure every three months * No serious or progressive medical or psychiatric illness * At least one complex partial or generalized tonic-clonic seizure in the last three months * MRI or EEG consistent with localization-related or partial epilepsy * Exposure to at least two anti-epileptic drugs at adequate doses * Concurrent use of at least one anti-epileptic drug at adequate doses * No change in anti-epileptic drug dose for at least 30 days prior to study enrollment Exclusion Criteria: * Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) * History of non-epileptic seizures * Inability to maintain accurate seizure calendars (self or caregiver) * Frequent use of benzodiazepines for seizure clusters defined as greater that four times per month * History of facial pain or trigeminal neuralgia * Pregnancy