The primary aim of this study will be to determine the effectiveness of a smartphone delivered app for young adult smokers on quitting smoking.
The principle study purpose of the randomized controlled trial is to determine the effectiveness of a smartphone delivered app for young adult smokers on smoking cessation at six months using a randomized controlled trial. Secondary aims of this study include examining: 1) proximal outcome measures of cessation behaviour; 2) satisfaction, extent of app use and use of NRT and other cessation services; 3) mediators of cessation outcomes between conditions; and 4) the incremental cost-effectiveness.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
1,601
Crush the Crave (CTC) allows users to customize a quit plan by choosing a quit date and then deciding whether to quit now or cut down the number of cigarettes they smoke every week up to the quit date. CTC reminds users of money saved and health improvements. Based on contingency reinforcement, rewards are provided, which smokers can then choose to share with their social network via Facebook. Supportive text messages tailored to their specific quit plan and where they are in the quitting experience are provided. CTC allows tracking of daily smoking habits and cravings as well as craving triggers or psychosocial determinants by recording when, where and why smoking occurred. Online distractions to help smokers deal with cravings are provided.
The control group will receive an evidence-based self-help guide known as "On the Road to Quitting" that has been developed by Health Canada for young adult smokers. Participants will be able to both view the self-help guide via the internet and will receive a printed version of the guide.
University of Waterloo
Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
30 day point prevalence of abstinence
30 day point prevalence of abstinence at 6 months,operationalized as not having smoked any cigarettes, even a puff, or used other tobacco in the last 30 days.
Time frame: 6 months
7-day abstinence
7 day point prevalence of abstinence at 6 months,operationalized as not having smoked any cigarettes, even a puff, or used other tobacco in the last 30 days
Time frame: 6 months
Number of quit attempts
How many times did you stop using tobacco for 24 hours or longer over the past six months?
Time frame: 6 months
Consumption of cigarettes
Reduction in the consumption of cigarettes since baseline and behavioural intentions to quit smoking using questions from the Minimal Dataset and nicotine withdrawal using the Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence.
Time frame: Baseline and at 6 months
Satisfaction and App Utilization
Satisfaction with program, app utilization metrics, and use of smoking cessation services (NRT, health professional consults,medications and quitline counseling)
Time frame: 6 months
Psychosocial measures
Beliefs, attitudes and social norms using the Smoking Attitudes Scale, stress using the 14-item Perceived Stress Scale, self-efficacy using Etter's 12 items, and perceived social support using the modified 7-item subjective support subscale of the Duke Social Support Index.
Time frame: Baseline and at 6 months
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