At the Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus Denmark, moxifloxacin is used in the empirical treatment of severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). This study was designed to determine the pharmacokinetics of moxifloxacin 400 mg/day to patients treated empirically for CAP. To accomplish this aim, we established a pharmacokinetic population model. This approach was adopted with the dual purpose of assessing the potential efficacy of the drug and performing Monte-Carlo simulations to characterize the maximal MICs for which recommended pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) targets are obtained for pathogens commonly known to cause CAP.
We determined the pharmacokinetic profile of moxifloxacin 400 mg/day in 18 patients treated empirically for community-acquired pneumonia. . Moxifloxacin plasma concentrations were determined the day after therapy initiation using ultra high performance liquid chromatography. The moxifloxacin plasma concentration-time profiles were described with a one compartment model, using NONMEM. Peak drug concentrations (Cmax) and 24-hour area under the free drug concentration-time curve values (fAUC0-24) predicted for each patient were evaluated against epidemiological cut-off MIC values for Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Legionella pneumophilia. PK-PD targets adopted were Cmax/MIC ≥ 12.2 for all pathogens, fAUC0-24/MIC \> 34 for S. pneumoniae and fAUC0-24/MIC \> 75 for H. influenzae and L. pneumophilia. The same PK-PD estimates were used in the simulations of probability of target attainment (PTA) versus MIC.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
18
Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital
Aarhus, Aarhus N, Denmark
Total Peak Plasma Concentration (Cmax)
The moxifloxacin plasma concentration-time profiles were described with a one compartment model with first-order absorption and elimination rate. The model estimated median values of total Cmax for the current study population were reported. Each individual model predicted Cmax were divided by the ECOFF MIC for S. pneumoniae (0.5 mg/L), H. influenzae (0.125 mg/L) and L. pneumophilia (1.0 mg/L)
Time frame: The second day of Moxifloxacin treatment
Area Under the Free Concentration-time Curve (fAUC0-24)
The moxifloxacin plasma concentration-time profiles were described with a one compartment model with first-order absorption and elimination rate. The model estimated median values of fAUC0-24 for the current study population were reported. fAUC0-24 were divided by the ECOFF MIC for S. pneumoniae (0.5 mg/L), H. influenzae (0.125 mg/L) and L. pneumophilia (1.0 mg/L)
Time frame: The second day of Moxifloxacin treatment
This platform is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.