Phase 2 Study of Triheptanoin (UX007) for the Treatment of Glucose Transporter Type 1 Deficiency Syndrome (Glut1 DS)

Phase 2CompletedNCT01993186

Ultragenyx Pharmaceutical Inc36 enrolled

Overview

The primary objectives of the study are to evaluate the efficacy of UX007 compared to placebo as measured by the reduction from randomization to Week 8 in frequency of seizures and to evaluate the safety of UX007 via adverse event (AE) rates, laboratory values, and electrocardiogram (ECG).

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

QUADRUPLE

Enrollment

Conditions

Glucose Transporter Type 1 Deficiency Syndrome (Glut1 DS)

Interventions

UX007DRUG

oral liquid

PlaceboDRUG

oral liquid

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 1 YearMax age: 100 Years

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Diagnosis of Glut1 DS confirmed by SLC2A1 mutation 2. Males and females at least 1 of age at the time of informed consent 3. Average of at least 2 observable seizures (generalized or partial-onset \[simple partial motor, complex partial, absence, or secondarily generalized seizures) in 4 weeks over the last 24 weeks, by subject or caregiver report 4. At least 2 observable seizures (generalized or partial-onset \[simple partial motor, complex partial, or secondarily generalized seizures) in 4 weeks during the Baseline Period, with no 3-week seizure-free period during the Baseline Period OR absence seizures documented on Screening electroencephalogram (EEG) 5. Continuing to have seizures despite a prior or current use of at least 1 antiepileptic drug (AED) 6. Allowed to be on up to 3 concomitant AEDs that must have been stable in dose at least 2 weeks prior to the beginning of screening and anticipated to remain stable in dose through the end of the 8-week, placebo-controlled Treatment Period 7. Not on, or not fully compliant with a prescribed diet plan (e.g. KD) 8. Plasma level of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) ≤ 1 mmol/L (non-fasting) at Screening 9. Provide written or verbal assent (if possible) and written informed consent by a legally authorized representative after the nature of the study has been explained, and prior to any research-related procedures 10. Must, in the opinion of the investigator, be willing and able to complete all aspects of the study, comply with accurate completion of the seizures diary, and likely to complete the 8 week, placebo-controlled, Treatment Period 11. Females of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test at Screening, be willing to use an acceptable method of contraception, and have additional pregnancy tests during the study. Females considered not of childbearing potential include those who have not reached menarche, had total hysterectomy, have been in menopause for at least two years, or have had tubal ligation at least one year prior to Screening. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels exceeding 3 times the upper limit of normal at Screening 2. Any known hypersensitivity to triheptanoin or safflower oil that, in the judgment of the investigator, places the subject at increased risk for adverse effects 3. Prior use of triheptanoin within 30 days prior to Screening 4. History of, or current suicidal ideation, behavior and/or attempts 5. Pregnant and/or breastfeeding an infant at Screening 6. Participants unwilling or unable to discontinue use of a prohibited medication or other substance that may confound study objectives 7. Use of any investigational product (drug or supplement, including medium chain triglyceride \[MCT\] oil) within 30 days prior to Screening, or at any time during the study 8. Has a condition of such severity and acuity, in the opinion of the investigator, that it warrants immediate surgical intervention or other treatment 9. Has a concurrent disease or condition, or laboratory abnormality that, in the view of the investigator, places the subject at high risk of poor treatment compliance or of not completing the study, or would interfere with study participation or introduces additional safety concerns (e.g., diabetes mellitus, other concurrent neurological or psychiatric disorders)

Locations (14)

Children's Hospital Colorado - University of Colorado, Denver, School of Medicine

Aurora, Colorado, United States

Miami Children's Research Institute

Miami, Florida, United States

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Percent Reduction From Baseline to Week 8 in Frequency of Total Seizures (Normalized to a 4-Week Rate)

Reduction from baseline to Week 8 in frequency of seizures (normalized to a 4-week rate): observable seizures measured for 6 weeks after 2-week titration by diary and absence seizures measured overnight by EEG. Observable seizures from the diary include generalized tonic-clonic, generalized tonic, generalized clonic, generalized atonic, partial/focal with secondary generalization, myoclonic, myoclonic (astatic) atonic, myoclonic tonic, complex partial/focal, simple partial/focal motor, simple partial/focal sensory, and simple partial/focal psychological. Absence seizures from EEG include absence awake (\>=10 sec), absence sleep (\>=10 sec), indeterminate absence awake (3-10 sec), and indeterminate absence sleep (3-10 sec). A negative value indicates an increase in frequency.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 8

Number of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs), Serious TEAEs and Discontinuations Due to TEAEs During the Placebo-Controlled Period

An adverse event (AE) was defined as any untoward medical occurrence, whether or not considered drug related. A serious AE was defined as an AE or suspected adverse reaction that at any dose resulted in any of the following outcomes: death, a life-threatening AE, inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, persistent or significant incapacity or substantial disruption of the ability to conduct normal life functions, a congenital anomaly/birth defect, or an important medical event that may have jeopardized the subject and may have required medical or surgical intervention to prevent one of the outcomes listed in the definition. An AE was considered a TEAE if it occurred or worsened in severity on or after the date of the first dose of study drug. An AE was considered a UX007 emergent adverse event if it occurred or worsened in severity on or after the first date of first dose of UX007 during the study.

Time frame: Weeks 0 to 8

Number of Participants With TEAEs, Serious TEAEs and Discontinuations Due to TEAEs During the Extension Period

An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence, whether or not considered drug related. A serious AE was defined as an AE or suspected adverse reaction that at any dose resulted in any of the following outcomes: death, a life-threatening AE, inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, persistent or significant incapacity or substantial disruption of the ability to conduct normal life functions, a congenital anomaly/birth defect, or an important medical event that may have jeopardized the subject and may have required medical or surgical intervention to prevent one of the outcomes listed in the definition. An AE was considered a TEAE if it occurred or worsened in severity on or after the date of the first dose of study drug. An AE was considered a UX007 emergent adverse event if it occurred or worsened in severity on or after the first date of first dose of UX007 during the study.

Data from ClinicalTrials.gov

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Secondary Outcomes

Percent Reduction From Baseline to Week 8 in Frequency of Observable Seizures (Normalized to a 4-Week Rate)

Reduction from baseline to Week 8 in frequency of seizures (normalized to a 4-week rate): observable seizures measured for 6 weeks after 2-week titration by diary. Observable seizures from the diary include generalized tonic-clonic, generalized tonic, generalized clonic, generalized atonic, partial/focal with secondary generalization, myoclonic, myoclonic (astatic) atonic, myoclonic tonic, complex partial/focal, simple partial/focal motor, simple partial/focal sensory, and simple partial/focal psychological. A negative value indicates an increase in frequency.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 8

Percent Reduction From Baseline to Week 8 in Frequency of Absence Seizures (Normalized to a 4-Week Rate)

Reduction from baseline to Week 8 in frequency of absence seizures measured overnight by EEG. Absence seizures from EEG include absence awake (\>=10 sec), absence sleep (\>=10 sec), indeterminate absence awake (3-10 sec), and indeterminate absence sleep (3-10 sec). A negative value indicates an increase in frequency.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 8

Percentage of Participants With at Least a 50% Reduction From Baseline to Week 8 in Frequency of Total Seizures

Seizure response, defined as the percentage of participants with at least 50% reduction from randomization to Week 8 in frequency of total seizures. Includes observable generalized and partial-onset seizures measured for 6 weeks by diary and absence seizures measured overnight by EEG. Observable seizures from the diary include generalized tonic-clonic, generalized tonic, generalized clonic, generalized atonic, partial/focal with secondary generalization, myoclonic, myoclonic (astatic) atonic, myoclonic tonic, complex partial/focal, simple partial/focal motor, simple partial/focal sensory, and simple partial/focal psychological. Absence seizures from EEG include absence awake (\>=10 sec), absence sleep (\>=10 sec), indeterminate absence awake (3-10 sec), and indeterminate absence sleep (3-10 sec).

Time frame: Baseline, Week 8

Percentage of Participants With at Least 50% Reduction From Baseline to Week 8 in Frequency of Observable Seizures

Observable seizure response, defined as the percentage of participants with at least 50% reduction from randomization to Week 8 in frequency of observable seizures. Observable seizures from the diary include generalized tonic-clonic, generalized tonic, generalized clonic, generalized atonic, partial/focal with secondary generalization, myoclonic, myoclonic (astatic) atonic, myoclonic tonic, complex partial/focal, simple partial/focal motor, simple partial/focal sensory, and simple partial/focal psychological.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 8

Percentage of Participants With at Least 50% Reduction From Baseline to Week 8 in Frequency of Absence Seizures

Absence seizure response, defined as the percentage of participants with at least 50% reduction from randomization to Week 8 in frequency of absence seizures. Absence seizures from EEG include absence awake (\>=10 sec), absence sleep (\>=10 sec), indeterminate absence awake (3-10 sec), and indeterminate absence sleep (3-10 sec).

Time frame: Baseline, Week 8

Change From Baseline to Week 8 in Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB), Reaction Time (RTI) Scores, Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE)

CANTAB measures neuropsychological function using a standardized, computerized battery of tests designed to assess visual memory, working memory, new learning and reaction time. RTI Simple choice reaction time standard deviation (RTISRTSD) assesses the cognitive domain of attention, with scores on a continuous range from 0 to 5000; lower scores indicate better function. RTI median simple choice reaction time (RTIMDSRT) assesses the cognitive domain of reaction time, with scores on a continuous range from 100 to 5100; lower scores indicate better function. RTI median 5-choice reaction time (RTIMDFRT) assesses the cognitive domain of reaction time, with scores on a continuous range from 100 to 5100; lower scores indicate better function. GEE statistical model.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 8

Change From Baseline to Week 8 in CANTAB, Paired Associates Learning (PAL) Scores, GEE

CANTAB measures neuropsychological function using a standardized, computerized battery of tests designed to assess visual memory, working memory, new learning and reaction time. PAL total errors adjusted (PALTEA) assesses the cognitive domain of episodic memory/new learning, with scores on a discrete, ordinal scale from 0 to 137; lower scores indicate better function. PAL first trial memory score (PALFTMS) assesses the cognitive domain of episodic memory, with scores on a discrete, ordinal scale from 0 to 27; higher scores indicate better function. GEE statistical model.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 8

Change From Baseline to Week 8 in CANTAB, Spatial Span (SSP) Span Length Scores, GEE

CANTAB measures neuropsychological function using a standardized, computerized battery of tests designed to assess visual memory, working memory, new learning and reaction time. SSP Span Length (SSPSLF) assesses the cognitive domain of sequential memory, with scores on a discrete, ordinal scale from 2 to 9; higher scores indicate better function. GEE statistical model.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 8

Change From Baseline to Week 8 in CANTAB, Spatial Working Memory (SWM) Scores, GEE

CANTAB measures neuropsychological function using a standardized, computerized battery of tests designed to assess visual memory, working memory, new learning and reaction time. SWM between errors (SWMBE48) assesses the cognitive domain of working memory, with scores on a discrete, ordinal scale from 0 to 360; lower scores indicate better function. SWM strategy (SWMS68) assesses the cognitive domain of executive function/strategy, with scores on a discrete, ordinal scale from 4 to 28; lower scores indicate better function. GEE statistical model.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 8

Change From Baseline to Week 8 in Distance Traveled (in Meters) as Measured by 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT)

Participants were instructed to walk the length of a pre-measured 20-30 meter course in a hallway for 6 consecutive minutes. The total distance walked (meters) in a 6 minute period was recorded.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 8

Change From Baseline to Week 8 in Distance Traveled (in Percent Predicted) as Measured by 6MWT

Participants were instructed to walk the length of a pre-measured 20-30 meter course in a hallway for 6 consecutive minutes. The total distance walked (meters) in a 6 minute period was recorded. The percent of predicted normal distance walked was determined based on published normative data.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 8

Time (in Minutes) to Onset of Paroxysmal Exertional Dyskinesia (PED) as Measured During 6MWT Over Time Through Week 8

For the 6MWT, subjects were instructed to walk the length of a pre-measured 20-30 meter course in a hallway for 6 consecutive minutes. The total distance walked (meters) in a 6 minute period was recorded. PED occurring during the 6MWT was assessed. (PED is characterized by transient abnormal, involuntary movements primarily affecting the legs and feet, and typically precipitated by prolonged exertion.)

Time frame: Baseline, Week 4, Week 8

Change From Baseline to Week 8 in Gross Motor Function Measure-88 (GMFM-88) Total Score

The GMFM-88 is a standardized observational measure of abilities that includes the following 5 domains: lying/rolling, sitting, crawling/kneeling, standing, and walking/running/jumping. The GMFM-88 scores include the following: * Lying \& Rolling Score, Range 0-100%, higher is better * Sitting Score, Range 0-100%, higher is better * Crawling \& Kneeling Score, Range 0-100%, higher is better * Standing Score, Range 0-100%, higher is better * Walking, Running \& Jumping Score, Range 0-100%, higher is better * Total Score = (Sum of 5 Above Scores) / 5, Range 0-100%, higher is better.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 8

Percent Reduction From Baseline Over Time in Frequency of Total Seizures (Normalized to a 4-Week Rate)

Reduction from baseline over time in frequency of seizures (normalized to a 4-week rate): observable seizures measured for 6 weeks after 2-week titration by diary and absence seizures measured overnight by EEG. Observable seizures from the diary include generalized tonic-clonic, generalized tonic, generalized clonic, generalized atonic, partial/focal with secondary generalization, myoclonic, myoclonic (astatic) atonic, myoclonic tonic, complex partial/focal, simple partial/focal motor, simple partial/focal sensory, and simple partial/focal psychological. Absence seizures from EEG include absence awake (\>=10 sec), absence sleep (\>=10 sec), indeterminate absence awake (3-10 sec), and indeterminate absence sleep (3-10 sec). A negative value indicates an increase in frequency.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 26, Week 31

Percent Reduction From Baseline Over Time in Frequency of Observable Seizures (Normalized to a 4-Week Rate)

Reduction from baseline over time in frequency of seizures (normalized to a 4-week rate): observable seizures measured for 6 weeks after 2-week titration by diary. Observable seizures from the diary include generalized tonic-clonic, generalized tonic, generalized clonic, generalized atonic, partial/focal with secondary generalization, myoclonic, myoclonic (astatic) atonic, myoclonic tonic, complex partial/focal, simple partial/focal motor, simple partial/focal sensory, and simple partial/focal psychological. A negative value indicates an increase in frequency.

Time frame: Baseline, Week 26, Week 31, Week 36, Week 52

Percent Reduction From Baseline Over Time in Frequency of Absence Seizures (Normalized to a 4-week Rate)

Time frame: Baseline, Week 26, Week 31