Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation Following Valvular Replacement With Cardiopulmonary Bypass: a Prospective, Randomized Clinical Study Comparing Oral Caffeine With Placebo

Inclusion Criteria: * Age = 18 years * Surgery valvular settled(adjusted) (plasties or aortic replacement, mitral, tricuspid or mixed), under CEC * Period of weaning in caffeine: limitation of the consumption of coffee(café), tea, chocolate, in a cup the day before the intervention * Consent of the patients after information Exclusion Criteria: * Pregnant or breast-feeding women * Women taking an oral contraception (half-life of the caffeine increased until 3 times) * Minors(miners) or adults under guardianship * Persons staying in a sanitary or social establishment * Not profitable persons of a national insurance scheme * Private persons of freedom * Persons requiring a surgery of replacement valvular as a matter of urgency * Patients having been treated(handled) by papaverine, dipyridamole, corticoids, immunosuppressors or antibiotics during six weeks preceding the date of inclusion * Weighty patient lower than 50 kg or upper to 100 kg or having a body mass index upper to 29 Kg / m2 * Presence of an active infection, a chronic inflammatory pathology, a lung arterial high blood pressure